The presentation for children of senior preschool age "The History of New Year's Christmas Tree Decorations" contains material about the emergence and preservation in Russia of the tradition of creating Christmas tree decorations and decorating green beauties with them

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History of New Year's Christmas tree decorations History of New Year's tree decorations

New Year's beauty

The first Christmas trees appeared in Russia a long time ago, but they were not decorated, but began to do so a little later, repeating the European fashion. There were no Russian-made Christmas decorations at that time; they were ordered from Europe. Even then, Christmas tree decorations were clearly divided into decorations for the wealthy and for those who were poorer. Buying a glass toy for a resident of Russia at that time was the same as buying a car for a modern Russian today. Christmas balls were heavy, since they learned to make thin glass only at the beginning of the 20th century

What kind of toys used to decorate the Christmas tree? Glass Cardboard

Cotton Porcelain

The first glass toys in Russia began to be made in Klin before the First World War. There, artel craftsmen blew glass products for pharmacies and other needs. But during the war years, captured Germans taught them how to blow balls and beads. The Klin factory “Yolochka”, by the way, to this day remains the only factory in Russia that makes beads for Christmas trees.

In addition to glass, toys were made from cardboard. Toys glued together from two halves of convex tinted cardboard made wonderful toys.

There were also toys made of cotton wool wound onto a wire frame: this is how figures of children, angels, clowns, and sailors were decorated. Fake fruits made of papier-mâché and velvet were hung on the Christmas trees.

Christmas tree decorations reflected the history of our country. If it was wartime, then Christmas tree decorations were made like this - airplanes, various military vehicles. They even painted military battles on balloons.

When peacetime came, the toys immediately turned into magical fakirs, fairy-tale characters

In houses and Christmas trees In animals

To the stars To fruits and vegetables

And, of course, lots of colorful balloons!

Christmas tree of your fathers and mothers, grandfathers and grandmothers

Nowadays the Christmas tree is most often decorated with balls

And handmade toys

And now there are unusual Christmas trees made from balloons

Christmas tree growing from the ceiling

The Christmas tree is covered in lanterns

Christmas tree made from ties Christmas tree made from pencils

But the most beautiful Christmas tree is the one decorated with different toys!

Guys, love, store, appreciate and take care of toys! It’s so wonderful when we are all surrounded by BEAUTY!

On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes

Presentation for children of the younger group TOY STORE

Educational field - Cognition - Communication Goal - to activate cognitive-speech development - development of communication skills - development of cognitive abilities...

“Master class for parents on making Christmas tree decorations from waste materials.”

To acquaint parents with various technologies for making New Year's toys from waste material....

Solin Anton Evgenievich

1. Presentation "New Year tree" (what kind of tree can replace a living forest beauty without damaging our nature)
2. Essay by a student of Municipal Educational Institution Secondary School r.p. Suleya Solin Anton Evgenievich.

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Creative project: “New Year tree”. Completed by: Solin A.E. Head: Bolsunova N.N. Suleya 2009

The New Year tree is an integral attribute of the New Year celebration in Russia, the post-Soviet space and in Christian countries. The Christmas tree is an attribute of the Christmas celebration. The New Year tree is a coniferous tree decorated with garlands, glass and plastic toys, candles and sweets. Installed during the New Year holiday in homes or on the street.

History The Christmas or New Year tree is a form of display of the most ancient symbol of humanity - the World Tree, especially common among the Indo-European peoples. Already in our era in Europe, they began to decorate the Christmas tree for Christmas: with apples, cookies, and lit candles.

There is a version that the first New Year tree was placed in the square of the city of Céleste in Alsace in 1521. The first Christmas tree decoration - a glass ball - appeared in Saxony in the 16th century. Peter I brought the custom of celebrating the New Year to Russia from Germany; The first New Year holidays in Russia were organized, according to the royal decree, in 1700. The custom of celebrating Christmas with a Christmas tree was finally established in the middle of the 19th century. In 1927, during the anti-religious campaign that began, Christmas ceased to be an official holiday, and the Christmas tree was declared a “religious relic.” However, before the onset of 1936, the tree was allowed again, but as a New Year's tree.

New Year's tree in the light of Russian and Christian traditions Among the ancient Slavs, the spruce symbolized death. . And among the Orthodox, the spruce enjoyed an unkind reputation as a refuge of evil spirits: “They crowned spruce trees around, and the devils sang.” The expression “tree-stick” was a hidden curse, cursing. It was customary to put a Christmas tree on a tavern, which is where the popular expression came from: “to go under the tree” (that is, to a tavern)

The process of “Christianization” of the Christmas tree did not go so smoothly in Russia. He met resistance from the Orthodox Church. The clergy saw in the new holiday a “demonic act,” a pagan custom that in no way resembled the birth of the Savior, and in addition, a custom of Western origin. Today, the dark symbolism of spruce as the “tree of death” is reminiscent of the funeral custom, when spruce branches are thrown in front of the coffin of the deceased on the way to the cemetery. You can also see spruces on Red Square near the Lenin Mausoleum and the Kremlin wall, where famous Soviet figures are buried

The New Year tree also signifies a festive event - a concert at which the New Year is celebrated. For the first time, holidays for children in the Kremlin with this name began to be held during the reign of Stalin on New Year’s Day 1935, when the custom, previously persecuted by the Soviet authorities as “religious,” was officially restored. Nowadays, the New Year tree is organized everywhere by both commercial and government agencies, including for commercial purposes.

Some models of unusual Christmas trees! Knitted Christmas tree A giant Christmas tree, 10 meters high, is made from several thousand knitted sweater sleeves. The top is topped with a knitted white angel. About a thousand craftswomen in Great Britain aged from 4 to 96 years worked to create the Christmas tree. They sent their knitting to the charity's appeal. The tree helped raise several thousand dollars.

Mountain Dew Christmas tree It took a fan three months to create a Christmas tree out of cans of the soft drink. That's how much he had to drink soda to accumulate enough cans. Installation took four days. Mountain Dew's red and green signature color scheme perfectly matches the generally accepted New Year's colors, and the lights of the Christmas tree garland reflect beautifully from the metal sides of the empty containers.

Pumpkin tree The attraction at Tokyo Disneyland is based on the cartoon “The Nightmare Before Christmas”. An ordinary green Christmas tree would probably stand out from the general style and scary atmosphere, the Japanese thought. And so they created a tree of pumpkins with faces - an indispensable attribute of Halloween. In this way, two holidays were mixed, and the “Christmas tree” turned out to be memorable.

Last year, Singapore-based jeweler Shoo Kee created this Christmas tree using 21,798 diamonds totaling 913 carats and 3,762 crystal beads. The tree looked like a million dollars (and cost no less).

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I really feel sorry for the Christmas tree!

In the first days of each new year, we witness the same unsightly picture: hundreds of discarded Christmas trees appear in our yards. Just yesterday, forest beauties decorated houses. The Christmas trees stood in a prominent place, they were carefully decorated with toys and tinsel, children walked around the green beauties in round dances, gifts “from Santa Claus” were placed under them

Today, citizens part with their old Christmas trees without much pity. Fallen and yellowed pine needles fill courtyards and garbage dumps. Gliding out of windows, stuck in a snowdrift or deliberately stuffed into garbage containers - this is how forest beauties set out on their final journey. Heaps of crumbling spruce skeletons near the yard trash cans, on which forgotten streamer rings and scraps of “rain” dangle lonely - a sad picture of every new year.

After some time, the remnants of the festive fun will be picked up by utility vehicles. They will be taken to a landfill along with regular household waste. And then this symbol of noisy holidays will turn into charred remains, smoke and soot.

This is how, year after year, thousands of cubic meters of valuable wood in Russia are carelessly turned into useless scrap. But a better use could be found for them.

Every year, the Russian Greenpeace website publishes an article on how to minimize economic losses during the winter celebrations. There are many different options available: get an artificial Christmas tree, make a composition from live spruce paws, buy a Christmas tree in a pot

or even replace the tree, for example, with a small ikebana made of lacquered silver-plated cones. If you do buy a Christmas tree, then after the holidays you should cut it into pieces and take it to the dacha as fuel.

Unfortunately, only a few follow the advice of the world environmental organization. We, unlike many other civilized countries, do not have a Christmas tree recycling program.

In European countries, they learned to benefit from the green symbols of the New Year a long time ago. Western municipalities use alternative energy sources for a variety of purposes. For example, in Sweden, New Year's trees, plus some types of holiday paper and wood packaging, are recycled and then burned in small city boiler houses. Thanks to this technology, more than 13% of Swedes receive heat and hot water.

In Germany, they learned to profit from the Christmas trees that had survived the holiday watch by making wooden national butter knives from them. Then the Germans sell this curiosity to tourists for a lot of money.

In Vienna, after the New Year holidays, 460 sites for receiving Christmas trees are open every day and around the clock in all areas of the city. All sites are equipped with signs, Christmas trees are accepted free of charge. All coniferous trees are put into circulation. They are crushed and turned into fuel briquettes. Last year, 670 tons of old Christmas trees were collected in the Austrian capital.

In the USA there is the American Christmas Tree Association, formed in 1935. There, the wood is reused as wood products, paper, and even cat litter. In New York, old trees are crushed into sawdust, which is later sprinkled on paths in city parks.

In the Netherlands, at the end of noisy holidays, Christmas trees are taken to zoos. Then they are dealt with... by elephants and camels, for whom coniferous branches are a real delicacy.

And in Russia, private enterprises are already being created that are engaged in the comfortable disposal of Christmas trees. They are used for boiler houses operating on wood waste. There are special wood crushers that allow you to process Christmas trees into compost or shavings for packaging. There are innovators who propose using lush New Year's beauties in the chemical industry. Experts say that they make excellent wood vinegar. Since Soviet times, for industrial purposes, holiday trees have been used to make particle boards (chipboards) and grave wreaths.

Here in Valdai, as in almost the entire country, old Christmas trees are taken to the city landfill. This is very sad. Environmentalists have been convincing people to buy artificial Christmas trees for a long time.

Indeed, why do people put up live Christmas trees? Apart from the pleasant pine aroma for a couple of days, there is nothing more interesting about this habit. After the holiday, a bunch of fallen needles grow on the floor, and the need arises to put the tree somewhere. Many people simply leave it in the snowdrifts, and by the end of the New Year holidays the entire landscape around the yard is “decorated” with dead trees.

What's the point of cutting down a living tree so that it can stand in an apartment for a week or two and then be thrown into the trash? Yes, it's a holiday. Yes, it's pleasing to the eye. But lush artificial trees can also please the eye - shiny, of different sizes, and durable, without falling needles, for every taste. They may be more expensive, but you can have one for the rest of your life. And your favorite artificial Christmas tree can be passed down from generation to generation. Eventually it will become a family heirloom.

How many Christmas trees are cut down every year across the country for a few days of dubious pleasure? One family can destroy up to 70 trees in a lifetime! How many families like this are there in Russia?! It turns out that buying an artificial Christmas tree is beneficial not only for you and your children, but also for the country!

Another option is beginning to take root in Russian spaces. Recently, in large cities you can buy a live Christmas tree in a tub. Such trees are grown in special nurseries (mainly in Denmark). A Christmas tree in a pot can serve as a decoration for many years. Well, if you’re tired of it, you can “return it to nature” by planting it in your summer cottage or in the forest.

But it seems we are still a long way from that. And if you still had a live spruce this year, do not rush to part with it. Herbalists and ecologists actively advise that before taking the Christmas tree to the trash container, be sure to collect its needles. After all, an infusion of spruce needles is very useful for neuritis and neuralgia, for diseases of the heart, respiratory system, oral cavity, ear, throat, nose, gastric and duodenal ulcers, cystitis, urolithiasis, female and male diseases, infectious processes, including flu, colds, etc.

The tradition of decorating a Christmas tree for Christmas and New Year came to us from ancient times and is associated with the cult (veneration) of greenery. In Greece and Rome, houses were decorated with green branches at the onset of the New Year. It was believed that they would bring health and happiness in the coming year. In Europe, during the period of complete extinction of nature, much attention was paid to symbols of its revival. At first these were branches of plum, apple and cherry trees, which were placed in water in advance. But they did not always bloom, so preference was given to evergreen plants.

The custom of decorating trees existed among our ancestors even before the advent of the new era. In those days, it was believed that good and evil spirits found shelter in the branches of trees, and in order to come to an agreement with them, they brought gifts, hanging them on the branches.

The Christmas tree was first decorated in the 16th century. in Germany. In England, France, and Germany, there is a legend about how Martin Luther (the founder of Lutheranism, translator of the Bible into German) returned home on the night before Christmas (1513). He was amazed by the beauty of the starry sky; it seemed to him as if the branches of the tree were decorated with stars. Arriving home, he hung stars and candles on the tree.

There is another legend. According to it, after the birth of Jesus Christ, all living beings, including plants, came to worship him. Everyone brought their gifts to the Christ child.

The beautiful palm tree and the fragrant olive tree decided to please the Savior with their patterned lush foliage and sweet aroma. Both trees were proud and vying with each other about their gifts. The Christmas tree heard this conversation. She also wanted to give her something. And the majestic trees laughed at her: “What can you give except resin and prickly needles?”

The Christmas tree was modest, she stepped aside and cried bitterly with hot resin tears. At that moment, an angel noticed her and, taking pity on the little Christmas tree, gave her a wonderful gift. Having collected the most beautiful lights in the sky, he dressed the thorny branches with them, and our modest girl appeared before the Savior in a bright multi-colored outfit.

Since then, the tree has been considered a symbol of Christmas.

Soon, following Germany, other countries began decorating the Christmas tree. In England in 1841, Queen Victoria issued a decree allowing the celebration of the New Year with a decorated Christmas tree. And the first Christmas tree was installed on the square in front of the royal palace.

In France, the Christmas tree appeared at the court of King Louis Philippe, who installed it at the request of his daughter-in-law, who was of German origin.

There is a legend that in the United States more than two hundred years ago, President George Washington celebrated the New Year with a Christmas tree decorated with toys brought from Germany.

In Russia, the first New Year's celebration took place in Moscow in honor of the New Year of 1700. But in 1918, celebrating the New Year was prohibited, and the tradition of dressing up the beauty returned 17 years later.

In tropical countries, Christmas trees were made of plywood and decorated with rice straws.

In Australia and New Zealand, January is the summer month; here, a local tree, metrosideros, strewn with scarlet flowers, is used as a Christmas tree. In Cuba, spruce is replaced by palms or pine trees. And in Nicaragua - branches of a coffee tree with red fruits.

Natalia Kuznetsova
Presentation “The History of the New Year Tree”

On furry prickly paws

The Christmas tree brings it to the house smell:

The smell of heated pine needles,

The smell of freshness and wind,

And the snowy forest,

And a faint smell of summer.

Yu. Shcherbakov

Now we can't imagine meeting New years without its symbol - fluffy evergreen beauty spruce. It is installed in every home, decorated with toys, tinsel and garlands. The fragrant smell of fresh pine needles, the taste of tangerines - this is what is associated with New Year's celebration. The children find their gifts under the Christmas tree. At matinees, round dances are performed around her and songs are sung. But this was not always the case.

Where did it come from in Rus'? Christmas tree? -

Our ancestors believed that all trees are alive and spirits live in them. There was such custom: at the end of December people went into the forest, chose the most fluffy and tall tree, decorated it with multi-colored ribbons and made various offerings. Then they danced around and sang ritual songs. Ancient Slavs instead Christmas trees dressed up oak or birch.

One day before Christmas, a poor lumberjack took in a little boy who was lost in the forest. He warmed, fed and left the lost child to spend the night. The next morning the boy disappeared, and in his place he left a small coniferous tree at the door. Since then, spruces have become the main Christmas attribute.

The custom of erecting a Christmas tree appeared in the country during the reign of Peter I.

The Russian Tsar issued a decree that the nobility should decorate their houses with pine and juniper trees and branches before Christmas. On January 1, it was also ordered to launch rockets, arrange fireworks and decorate the capital's buildings with pine branches.

At different times and Christmas trees were decorated in different ways: first with fruits, fresh and artificial flowers. Later decorations became fabulous: gilded cones, boxes with surprises, sweets, nuts and burning Christmas candles. Soon toys made by their own were added hands: children and adults made them from wax, cardboard, cotton wool and foil. And at the end of the 19th century, electric garlands replaced wax candles.

Now Christmas trees installed in all large areas. The largest in our country New Year's Christmas tree is the Kremlin Christmas tree in Moscow

Christmas tree (excerpt)

Shaggy branches bend

Down to the children's heads;

Rich beads shine

Overflow of lights;

Ball hides behind ball,

And star after star,

Light threads are rolling,

Like golden rain.

Play, have fun

The children have gathered here

And to you, beautiful spruce,

They sing their song.

And, sparkling, it sways

Christmas tree lavish decoration.

R. Kudasheva

Slide9, 10, 11

Christmas tree (a game)

There's one game for you:

I'll start the poem now.

I'll start, you finish!

Answer in unison.

It's snowing outside,

Holiday is coming soon.

New Year!

The needles glow softly,

The pine spirit is coming.

From Christmas trees!

The branches rustle faintly,

The beads are bright.

They sparkle!

And the toys swing -

Flags, stars,...

Firecrackers!

Threads of colorful tinsel,

Bells.

Fragile fish figures,

Birds, skiers,...

Snow Maidens!

Whitebeard and Rednose

Under the branches.

Father Frost!

And, decorating the top,

It shines there, as always,

Very bright, big,

Five-winged.

Well, the Christmas tree is simply marvelous!

How elegant, how...

Beautiful!

So they lit up on it -

Hundreds of tiny ones.

E. Blaginina

Publications on the topic:

Scenario for the holiday “Miracles at the New Year’s Tree” (middle group) Children run into the hall to the music. Presenter: Happy New Year to both big and little ones. We wish everyone happiness, goodness and frosty clear days.

Dear Maamites! We address you with wishes of New Year's miracles and winter fairy tales, an amazing New Year's mood! December.

New Year's holiday "Miracles at the New Year's tree"“I approve” the head of MBDOU “Bee” ___ O. M. Antontseva “___” ___ 2017 Scenario of a New Year's party for children of the middle group.

“Like at the New Year’s tree, we will start a round dance.” Matinee in kindergarten“Like at the New Year’s tree we will start a round dance” (New Year’s party for children 3-4 years old) Characters: Presenter, Santa Claus, Snowman. Hall.

New Year's Eve celebration in the second junior group Children enter the hall to the music and stand in a semicircle. Presenter: Winter brought us a joyful holiday, the Green Christmas tree came to visit us.

Slide captions:

Christmas tree

How beautiful the New Year tree is!
How she dressed up - look!
Dress on a green Christmas tree,
Bright beads sparkle on the chest.
Our Christmas tree is tall and slender,
In the evening it will all sparkle
The sparkle of lights

and snowflakes and stars,
Like a peacock

open tail!

In Russia, the New Year tree appears after the decree of Peter 1 of December 15, 1699. Moreover, it was prescribed to decorate houses not only with fir trees and its branches, but also with pine and even juniper branches.

Decorating a Christmas tree is a pre-holiday creative process in which, as a rule, all family members - parents, children, grandparents - participate.
The little ones have the richest imagination, so children prefer to decorate the Christmas tree with toys depicting fairy-tale characters. Thus, they have the opportunity to visit a fairy tale.

The holiday tree at the end of the last and beginning of this century looked completely different from what it does today. And although the variety of Christmas tree decorations was, perhaps, in no way inferior to modern ones, all this splendor was made with one’s own hands.

In Rus', the first Christmas tree decorations were made from rags, straw, colored ribbons, and later from paper and foil. This production was carried out in special workshops. Glass jewelry appeared later.

Electric Christmas tree lights were invented in the USA.
They first decorated the tree in the mid-1880s at the home of engineer Edward Johnson, three years after the invention of the light bulb.
Most of the media representatives invited to the demonstration of the new Christmas tree decoration were convinced that it was a trick and refused to cover this event in the press. Johnson's Christmas tree was decorated with handmade strings of light bulbs, colored red, white and blue. The lights in the garlands were blinking and the tree was spinning.

Christmas tree decorations in different countries

In most Mexican homes, a popular decoration is a composition of figurines that depict the scene of the birth of Christ from the Bible. However, a decorated fir tree is also present somewhere in the house.
Christmas trees are brought to Greenland because their own simply do not grow there due to the climate. Residents decorate “foreign women” with candles and bright ornaments.
New Year in Brazil falls in the summer, and then the inhabitants of this country decorate the Christmas trees with small balls of cotton, as if it were falling snow.
In Ireland, Christmas trees are decorated with colored lanterns, tinsel and baubles.
In Sweden they decorate with stars, toys in the form of the sun and snowflakes, and animal figures made of straw and wood.

Questions for the most attentive

Why did our ancestors decorate trees?

How were the first Christmas trees decorated?

When did the first Christmas tree appear in Russia?

What were the first Christmas tree decorations?

Where did the first electric garlands appear?

How are Christmas trees decorated in other countries?

Happy New Year