Creative project "summer skirt". Presentation on the topic "skirt project" Skirt technology project problem encountered
Contents 1. Introduction Selection and justification of the project Goals and objectives of the project 2. Organizational and preparatory stage The main problems of the project The main problems of the project The sequence of the project The sequence of the project The criteria that the project must satisfy The criteria that the project must satisfy The history of the skirt Fashion 2014 Selection of model Possible options My choice Assessment of possibilities Preliminary calculation of the cost of the product Preliminary calculation of the cost of the product Selection of materials, tools, devices and equipment Selection of materials, tools, devices and equipment 3. Technological stage Skirt manufacturing plan Selection of fabric Design Layout of the pattern on the fabric Skirt sewing plan Working place for sewing work Rules for safe work 4. Final stage Economic calculations Environmental problems Report on the work done, self-assessment Report on the work done, self-assessment Finished result Advertising
Sewing classes make it easy to feel like a creative person. In the process of this creativity you can learn a lot of new and interesting things. Therefore, I decided to make a product using a new teaching method for us - the project method. The word “project” itself translated from Latin means “conception”, “plan”, “idea”. The project implementation consists of several stages. I have drawn up the sequence of the project.
The goal of the project is to assess your capabilities in project activities; develop a project; make a skirt according to the project; evaluate the work done. The objectives of the project are to get acquainted with the history of the skirt; describe the process of making a skirt; determine the necessary materials, tools and equipment; identify dangerous places; sew a skirt.
Sequence of project implementation 1. Draw up a plan for manufacturing the product. 2. Select a model. Write a description of the model's appearance. 3. Choose fabric. 4. Select the necessary tools, devices and equipment for the job. 5. Perform product design and modeling. 6. Cut the product. 7. Make a plan for sewing the product. 8. Sewing the product. 9. Evaluate the work done. 10. Protect the project.
Fashion 2014 Fashion 2014 is just a field for the fantasies of fashionistas. Maxi skirts will become popular. And not just long, but extremely long. But in the summer it’s simply unrealistic to do without a mini. Especially if you have something to show. Wrap skirts, flared skirts, circle skirts or semi-circle skirts, slightly fluffy, also remain relevant. Fabrics for skirts are plain dyed fabrics, fabrics with large flowers, polka dots, abstraction, stripes and animals. Ruffles, frills, pleats, folds, patch pockets, stylish buttons, fringe will be in fashion. The combination of several materials, different in texture and color, is the main trend of 2014.
Possible options
Options Advantages Disadvantages My choice 1. Interesting skirt An elegant circle skirt made of light fabric, but I need a skirt for everyday wear made of thicker fabric in two colors (I already have black thick fabric). No 2. Looks very cute. The circle skirt could suit me, but it requires a lot of fabric. No 3. The yoke of the skirt is made of finishing fabric. I have this fabric. I think this skirt would suit an older girl. No 4. A beautiful skirt, especially since the combination of several materials, different in texture and color, is the main trend of 2014. No.Yes Possible options
My choice Skirt for everyday wear made of mixed fabric. The half-sun skirt consists of two skirts - lower and upper. The wide stitched waistband is gathered with three rows of elastic. The skirt is decorated with a wide bow belt. The bow belt and underskirt are made of finishing fabric.
Assessing capabilities Intellectual capabilities Before starting work, I need to assess my capabilities: whether I have enough knowledge, skills and abilities to accomplish my plans. I know (can do) I want to know (be able to do) Where can I find out? 1. Choose a style and fabric. 2. Take measurements. 3. Build a drawing. 4. Make a pattern. 5. Prepare the fabric for cutting. 6. Cut out the product. 7. Prepare the cut for processing. 8. Perform hand and machine seams. 9. Rules for safe work. The history of the skirt. Product cost calculation. Develop a project. Protect the project. In books and magazines, on the Internet. At the teacher's. With relatives.
Assessing opportunities Material capabilities Before getting down to work, I need to see what I have and what I need to buy. To make a skirt I will need: main and finishing fabric, threads, elastic. I have the fabric for the petticoat and belt, I need to buy everything else.
Assessing opportunities Financial opportunities Money is needed to purchase materials. Where can I get them? Earn money Borrow from parents Borrow money from your piggy bank Earn money is a good option, but I’m still small. Borrowing is inconvenient because you have to pay it back. Take it from the piggy bank - there is still little accumulated there. Taking it from your parents is a good option and your parents won’t refuse.
Preliminary calculation of the cost of the product Now you need to calculate how much money is needed to make a skirt. p/p Name Price for 1 piece. (m) Consumption Costs 1 Fabric 100 rub. 1 m 100 rub. 2 Threads 6 RUR 1 piece 6 RUR 3 Elastic band 2 rub. 1.5 m 3 rub. Total 109 rub. I think that the amount is not very large and will not harm our family budget. My parents will be happy to give me money to buy the necessary materials.
Selection of fabric Main fabric Finishing fabric Having considered various options, I came to the conclusion that it is more advisable to use a mixed fabric, because... it is beautiful, easy to wash, wrinkles little, and has a long shelf life, which is important for my product. And, most importantly, I have leftover black trim fabric for the petticoat and belt. So I chose a fabric for the overskirt that goes well with the black color.
Construction And here I needed the help of my friends, because... to draw a drawing of a conical skirt, you need to take the following measurements: From – waist circumference Di – product length My measurements 1. From – Di - 42
Workplace for sewing work The workplace should be comfortable, the work table should be positioned so that the light falls from the left side or in front. Tools and devices are placed on the right side of the table, and materials on the left. It is necessary to ensure correct posture when working. During work, the chest should not be compressed, the body should be slightly tilted forward, the distance from the eyes to the work is cm.
Rules for safe working with an iron 1. Work while standing on a rubber mat. 2. Turn the iron on and off with dry hands, grasping the plug body. 3. Place the iron on the stand. 4. Make sure that the cord does not touch the hot iron. 5. Monitor the installation of the thermostat indicator. 6. Do not leave the iron unattended. 7. After work, don’t forget to turn off the iron!
Rules for safe work with needles and pins 1. Store needles and pins in a pincushion. 2. Check the number of needles and pins before starting and at the end of work. 3. Be sure to find lost needles and pins. 4. Do not put needles and pins in your mouth, do not stick them into clothes. 5. Don't bite the thread with your teeth. 6. When sewing, use a thimble. 7. Give the broken needle to the teacher or throw it away in a safe place.
Rules for safe work on a sewing machine 1. Check your workplace before starting work. 2. Do not lean close to moving parts of the sewing machine. 3. Do not hold your fingers close to your paw. 4. Change the needle, clean and lubricate it after disconnecting the machine from the power supply. 5. While threading the needle, take your feet off the pedal. 6. If you feel the effect of current when touching the body of the machine, stop working and notify the teacher. 7. When finished, disconnect the machine from the power supply.
Rules for safe working with scissors Scissors are a sharp tool. Use them carefully! 1. Store scissors in a specific place. 2. Place the scissors on the right side, closed. 3. Do not hold the scissors with the sharp ends facing up. 4. Pass the scissors only when closed, with the rings facing forward. 5. Do not place scissors near moving parts of the sewing machine.
Environmental Issues Skirt making is an environmentally friendly process. It is harmless (no harmful substances are released, no substances pollute water and soil). I kept my work place clean: I promptly threw out garbage, leftover threads and fabric into the trash bin. I did not cause any harm to my health while making the skirt, as I followed all the rules of hygiene and safe work, and worked no more than 2 hours a day with breaks. When the product has served its useful life, I can use it to sew beautiful and useful products in the house: covers for pillows, a bag, potholders, and more.
Report on the work done It was not difficult for me to complete the project work - sewing a flared skirt, since the knowledge and skills that I received in sewing lessons and the teacher’s recommendations helped me with this. There were difficulties when writing the project, since I did it for the first time. My sewing teacher Nadezhda Georgievna helped me with this. During the work process, I tried to complete the product carefully and efficiently. It was important to me that my work was appreciated at home and at school. I believe that all the seams are made correctly and accurately, the wet-heat treatment is of high quality. I like the stitched skirt.
I believe that the goals set at the beginning of my work have been achieved. I now have a new fabric skirt that I'm very happy with. The skirt fits my figure well. I can wear it with a black top and tank top. It matches my inner self. I will be happy to wear it. I hope that my project will be appreciated. The finished result
I want to tell you, my friend, a secret: “It’s not at all difficult to sew a skirt, but have you already understood that? There are so many interesting things to do! But how to approach them? The important thing here is that you want it, and we will start working. We can, of course, learn a lot with you. And cook soup from an ax, And dress up fashionably.” I give you advice: don’t be lazy – and your wardrobe will be updated! And if you don’t know how to sew, you need to hurry up and learn! Advertising
I got acquainted with the history of the skirt; researched fabrics for sewing skirts; described the process of making a skirt; determined the necessary equipment; identified dangerous places; I sewed a skirt. Now I also have a flared skirt. It's nice that I sewed it with my own hands. I am proud of this!
Done:
student of 6 “B” class Polina Romanova
Kuznetsova Victoria
Project Manager:
Mayorova L.A.
Justification of the problem and need
- Summer is approaching and many girls want to update their wardrobe with a new original product. We reviewed our wardrobe and realized that we don’t have a skirt for the summer. We went shopping and it turned out that the skirt we liked was very expensive.
Project problem
- How to sew a skirt of your favorite style for 600 rubles.
Objective of the project
- Sew a skirt and it will cost you 600 rubles on your budget
Project objectives
. Study the basic requirements for the product.
- Get to know the types of skirts.
- Master the technology of making a conical half-sun skirt.
- Determine the necessary materials, tools and equipment.
Project stages
Preparatory stage
- Justification of the problem and need that has arisen.
- Definition of a specific task and its formulation.
- Identification of basic requirements for the product.
- Research.
- Analysis of ideas and selection of the best option.
- Selection of materials, tools, equipment.
Technological stage
- Sequence of product manufacturing.
- Economic justification.
- Manufacturing of the product. Quality control.
The final stage
- Project design.
- Self-esteem.
- Conclusion.
- Used Books.
- Application.
Identifying basic product requirements
- The skirt should be beautiful and fashionable, corresponding to the structural features of the figure.
- The skirt should be comfortable and versatile to wear.
- The fabric for the skirt should be bright, easy to iron and drape.
- The product should be inexpensive, but well made .
Types of skirts
Skirt – tulip
Pencil skirt
Skirt - bell
Skirt sun
Skirt - semi-sun
Skirt - year
Conical skirt
Wide skirt
Direct
Advanced
Maxi – skirts
Midi - skirts
Mini skirts
Choosing the best option
- We chose a romantic style conical skirt.
- Our summer skirt will have a widened silhouette; the design is “half-sun”.
Selection of materials
- Now that we have decided on the skirt model, we need to choose the appropriate fabric for its manufacture.
- We decided that suit and dress fabric - gabardine - would be more suitable for our skirt.
Selection of equipment and tools
For work we will need: Cutting table, ruler, measuring tape, chalk, scissors, overlock sewing machine, sewing machine, iron, ironing board, needle case with needles and pins, thimble.
- We take our measurements and draw a drawing of the skirt.
- Based on the basic drawing of a conical skirt, we make a pattern and cut the skirt.
- We prepare the skirt details for basting and the skirt for fitting.
- We will try on the skirt and correct any defects if they arise.
- Finish the fastener in the back seam of the skirt with zipper tape.
- We will process the belt, the upper section of the skirt with a stitched belt.
- We sew the bottom edge of the skirt with a hem seam with an open edge.
- We will process the loop and sew on the button.
Sequence of making a skirt
Economic justification
- We presented the calculation of the costs of materials for making a skirt in the form of a table.
Name of material
Conditional price for 1m (rub.)
Costume and dress fabric
Sewing threads
Material consumption (pcs.)
Button
Material costs (RUB)
1 reel
Zipper
Total: 420 rub.
Our achievements in project activities
- Being able to create with your own hands is great!
Conclusion.
In conclusion, I would like to say that we have achieved our goal. We made very beautiful and elegant skirts costing 420 rubles.
Now we have new handmade skirts in our wardrobe. This means that by applying our skills in practice, we can create any item in our wardrobe for minimal money.
Informational resources
- Technology: Textbook for students in grades 5-7 of secondary schools / Ed. V.N. Simonenko. – M.: Ventana-Graf, 2010.
- http://fashionat.ru/odegda/yubka-solnce/
- http://ledimai.ru/polusolnze.htm
- http://womanew.ru/vikroika-yubka-polusolnce
Order writing a unique work
Project folder
Theme:Skirt
Gymnasium No. 40
Ekaterinburg, 2009
Content
Introduction
3. Equipment selection
4. History of the skirt
5 Styles and trends in fashion
6. Materials and their properties in accordance with and purpose of the shape of the skirt
7. Color and personality
9 Safety precautions when working with fabric
10. Results of work
Bibliography
Applications
Introduction
Working with fabric, making clothes, doing work with your own hands is one of the means of self-expression that develops creative thinking, which makes it possible to realize your ideas in the manufacture of a specific garment.The purpose of this work is to develop and implement a project for independently sewing a skirt under the guidance of a teacher. As well as the formation of such qualities as the ability to independently solve creative and technological problems, make informed decisions, apply and use acquired skills, knowledge, skills and information in practice in later life.
The task is to generalize the theoretical knowledge, skills and abilities acquired in the Technology lessons to create a garment (skirt).
The process of manufacturing garments on an industrial scale involves many people of various professions: fashion designer, designer, technologist, sewing equipment operator, clothing demonstrator. These professionals invest a piece of themselves, their individuality, for the people who will wear the things they create. During the lessons there is an opportunity to combine the work of various professions and bring your ideas to life.
To make any garment, certain steps are used. Firstly, this is drawing up a sketch, secondly, cutting out the product, thirdly, completing the tailoring of the product, taking into account the available material and the characteristics of the figure according to an individual plan. At the same time, strict adherence to this scheme: sketch - drawing - design - technology - finished product, helps to obtain practical skills for independently sewing a product - from an idea to a finished product.
1. General characteristics of the product
Skirt (French jupe) is a piece of clothing that covers the lower part of the body. Evolved from a loincloth.There are many different types of skirts that fall into different styles. These are skirts such as: straight skirt, wedge skirt (Appendix 1); skirt with pleats, skirt with yoke (Appendix 2); skirt-gode; half-sun skirt (Appendix 3), etc.
My model is a straight skirt that fits the hips, with darts along the waistline, without a belt. The skirt consists of several identical wedges that widen downwards. With an odd number of wedges, the seam with the fastener is located at the back, in the middle of the back, and the slot is processed at the bottom. The bottom of the product is stitched on a sewing machine. A sketch of the model is presented in Appendix 1.
2. Design and modeling
Design is the construction of a drawing of a product pattern. My skirt model consists of three wedge panels. The width of the skirt is calculated based on the circumference of the hips. To draw a drawing of the base of such a skirt, the following measurements are needed:- St (half waist circumference);
- Sat (half hip circumference);
- Di (product length).
A three-piece skirt can be of different lengths (from mini to maxi, but I chose a medium length - just above the knees) and is made from denser fabrics (for example: gabardine). When calculating the amount of fabric, you need to add 10 cm to the length of the skirt (Di) for processing the upper and lower sections and leveling the cross section. For example: with a fabric width of 140 cm, the length of the skirt will be equal to Di + 10 cm; With fabric width< 140 см. длина пошива юбки будет равна (Ди + 10 см.) х 2
Modeling is the process of changing a pattern drawing in accordance with the selected model. The term "modeling" comes from the word "model", that is, a sample created by artists, fashion designers and designers. Drawing of the base of the skirt (Appendix 4).
3. Equipment selection
In the cutting process I needed: scissors; chalk or soap with a thin edge; tape measure; tailor's pins; cutter's ruler. In the process of basting I needed: chalk; cutter; tracing paper; tailor's pins; basting needle; scissors; threads In the sewing process I needed: a sewing machine; scissors; ripper; chalk; scissors.4. History of the skirt
Skirts have been known since the dawn of mankind and were worn by both women and men.In the southern regions, men wore loincloths, skirts and aprons made of palm leaves. The main clothing of the ancient Egyptians was the shenti apron, which consisted of a strip of fabric wrapped around the hips and secured at the waist with a cord. The shenti of commoners and pharaohs differed only in the quality of the fabric; their style remained unchanged. The Assyrians wore a shirt-skirt made of wool, cotton or linen, called a kandi. By the length of this type of clothing one could determine the degree of nobility of its owner. The so-called Gothic skirt appeared in the form of purely women's clothing only in the 15th century. It was from this time that a bodice with side lacing began to be worn separately from the skirt itself in the modern sense. In the 16th century, wealthy women dressed in massive, heavy clothes, which were made from cloth, expensive brocade and velvet fabrics. In the last third of this century, hoops appeared, encircling the waist like a flat wheel. This was achieved by putting a quilted roller under the skirt and a cutter assembled from the fabric of the dress, located at the waist. In the 17th century, women wore twirls - a special kind of “cooper” hoops around the waist. In the 18th century, predominantly smooth skirts with a large number of decorations appeared: frills, flower garlands, lace, draperies. Until the 40s of the 19th century, the skirt was cut from 3 or 5 panels. It stretches at the front and gathers slightly at the sides. The side seams are beveled and go to the back. In the middle of the 19th century, skirts with crinolines appeared, decorated with flounces and teeth, embroidered with braid, galloon and lace. In its second half, the crinoline is replaced by a petticoat with frills and a bustle pillow. At the end of the last century, women were pulled into a corset up to the hips, and the waist smoothly transitions from behind into a draped train, so part of the skirt lies on the floor. At the beginning of the 20th century, with the advent of the “modern” silhouette, the skirt was cut flared at the back with an elongated front. In the 20s, skirts again rose to the knee. Nowadays, various forms of skirts are typical: straight and widened at the bottom, wide and narrow, pleated, wedged, short and long trouser skirts and others.
5. Styles and trends in fashion
In the 70s, fundamental changes occurred in the nature of mass fashion. When determining the fashionability of clothes, they began to talk not only about styles, lengths, but also style. The features of each style are created by the cut, shape, fabric finishing, set of clothing items, as well as various additions, jewelry and cosmetics. Currently the main styles are:- classic;
- youth;
- sports;
- denim;
- folklore;
- retro.
My style is classic. It suits my inner state the most. There are things in fashion that, despite all the changes in tastes, preferences, and attachments, remain to a certain extent unchanged. The general opinion recognizes them as excellent, exemplary, exemplary. The proportions of classic style clothing correspond to the natural proportions of the human figure, the lines of shapes and details are simple and laconic.
6 . Materialsand their properties in accordanceWithskirt style
I thought through the color scheme of the skirt, choosing black - the color of refined taste, which at all times is at the top of fashion, hiding figure flaws. The beginning of the image is the color, and the beginning of the style is the fabric. It is necessary to take into account the properties of each type of fabric:
- cotton fabrics have a large shrinkage when soaked, which is their main disadvantage. Cotton fabrics are beautiful, iron well, have little fraying and are relatively durable;
- linen fabrics shrink when soaked, wash well, stretch little, crumble, and are difficult to iron, which is the main disadvantage. Relatively durable. They look very nice and neat;
- woolen fabrics wrinkle a little, shrink a lot when soaked, are difficult to iron, and retain their shape well after ironing;
- viscose fabrics are beautiful, good quality, shrink when soaked, the structure of these fabrics is very flexible, which makes working with them difficult;
- synthetic fabrics have almost no shrinkage, are durable and elastic.
However, these fabrics react differently to high temperatures and require caution when ironing. My choice is gabardine fabric. Fabric properties: gabardine is a fabric made from the highest grades of carding yarn. The weave is diagonal.
7. Color and personality
Color plays a huge role in human life. It has a deep emotional impact on a person and is a means of expressiveness in the composition of clothing. Colors are divided into two groups: chromatic and achromatic. Chromatic colors are divided into warm and cold. Warm tones include colors associated with ideas about fire, the sun - red, orange, yellow. Cold tones include colors associated with the feeling of coolness, snow and ice - blue, cyan, violet. I like the black color, which is what I chose. Black color is universal, it goes with almost all colors and a skirt of this color can be combined with any color scheme in clothing. Black color is the color of intuition. Nothing should interfere - complete concentration, purity and spirituality, inspiration, wisdom. For the Japanese, black is the color of joy. Notice how expressive the face of a man in a black robe becomes. Like a picture in a frame, especially the eyes are the mirror of the soul. Contrasts with this color are very effective. In both white and black, you can rejoice and grieve, and it will be natural. Contrasts in clothing, contrasts in life - they allow you to develop a person’s intuition and spiritual qualities.
8. Technological sequence for making a skirt
1. Model development. Sketch.2. Taking measurements.
3. Constructing a drawing of the base of the skirt.
4. Modeling the base drawing.
5. Preparing the pattern for cutting.
6. Preparing fabric for cutting:
- ironing fabric;
- lay out the patterns on the fabric;
- shallow the patterns;
- set aside seam allowances;
- make cutting.
7. Preparing the product for fitting:
- laying control stitches;
- sweeping darts;
- basting the middle seam of the back panel of the skirt;
- sweeping side seams;
- baste the bottom of the product.
8. Carrying out the first fitting:
- elimination of shortcomings;
- mark the length of the product.
9. Processing of the product after fitting on a sewing machine:
- stitching darts;
- sewing side seams;
- processing of cuts with a zigzag stitch;
- sewing a zipper into the middle seam of the back panel of the skirt;
- stitching the middle seam of the back panel of the skirt;
- processing of the slots in the middle seam of the back panel of the skirt.
10. Processing the bottom edge of the skirt:
- process the cut with a zigzag stitch;
- sweep and process the bottom of the product.
13. Evaluation of the finished product.
14. Self-control.
9. Safety precautions when working with fabric
To avoid any accidents during work, you must follow safety rules when working with fabric.1. Safety requirements before starting work:
- put on overalls, tuck hair under a headscarf;
- check for rusty needles and pins;
- prepare the workplace for work, remove all unnecessary things;
- make sure that the protective grounding of the body of the electric sewing machine is present and in good condition, and that there is a dielectric mat on the floor near the machine.
2. Safety requirements during operation:
- store needles and pins in a certain place, do not leave them at the workplace;
- do not use rusty needles and pins when working, do not put needles and pins in your mouth;
- when working with needles, use a thimble;
- attach patterns and fabrics with the sharp ends of pins in the direction away from you;
- store the scissors in a certain place, place them with their closed ends facing away from you, pass them to each other with the rings forward;
- do not lean close to moving parts of the sewing machine;
- do not hold your fingers near the foot of the sewing machine to avoid puncturing them with the needle;
- before stitching the product on a sewing machine, make sure there are no pins or needles on the seam line;
- do not bite off the thread with your teeth, but cut it with scissors;
- only one person at a time should work at the machine.
Safety rules when working with an electric iron:
1. Check the serviceability of the plug and insulation of the electrical cord of the iron;
2. Make sure there is a heat-resistant iron stand and a dielectric mat on the floor near the ironing area;
3. Before plugging in the electric iron, stand on a dielectric mat;
4. Turn the electric iron on and off only with dry hands;
5. During short breaks in operation, place the electric iron on a thermally insulating stand;
6. When working, make sure that the hot sole of the iron does not touch the electrical cord;
7. To avoid burning your hands, do not touch the hot metal parts of the iron and do not wet the material with water;
8. To avoid fire, do not leave an electric iron plugged in unattended;
9. Monitor the normal operation of the iron, do not let it overheat;
10. After working with the iron, unplug the cord.
10. Results of work
Need. I made this skirt to wear it at any time of the year, to wear it on holidays. Since my skirt is a classic style, it is comfortable for outdoor activities and various types of work. This skirt is multifunctional.Self-esteem and economic calculation. I think I did my job quite carefully, and most importantly, I like it. Although it took more time than expected, I am not upset, since I remembered all the stages of the work that I performed very well. And to evaluate, as it seems, the people around you should not, because from the outside you can see all the shortcomings better. I like the result. Because I sewed the skirt myself, no one will have one like it.
Difficulties. Sewing this skirt was more of a pleasure than a task for me, although I had some difficulties in sewing the product. The most difficult part was chalking and sewing the zipper, since this work is completely new to me.
No. | Material, accessories | Quantity | Cost, rub. |
| 1. | Textile | 1m | 120 |
| 2. | Lightning | 1 PC. | 20 |
| 3. | Black threads | 1 reel | 15 |
| Bottom line | 155 |
I saw a similar skirt in stores for 460 rubles, my version is more profitable, since I made everything with my own hands. Thus, I saved 305 rubles, and with the remaining amount I have the opportunity to sew 2 more skirts.
In general, I got what I wanted. Now, thanks to my knowledge, I can remake my wardrobe into the best one, according to my taste. If you wear what you like, what is comfortable, then you will feel comfortable and confident, and this is important for every person!
Literature
1. Glozman E.S., Stavrova O.B. and others, ed. Khotuntseva Yu.L. Technology. Technical labor. – Mnemoznina, 2004
State government educational institution, “Special (correctional) boarding school No. 9 for orphans and children without parental care with disabilities”
With. Padinsky Novoselitsky district
The project was prepared by a 7th grade student
Artemova Nadezhda
Project topic:
“SEAMING A HALF SKIRT”
Teacher: Prokhnenko T.K.
2016-17 academic year
Project topic: making a half-sleep skirt
Goals and objectives: make a half-sun skirt in order to consolidate the acquired knowledge; improve skills and techniques for working with fabric, with a sewing machine, deepen knowledge of material processing technology; assess your capabilities in project activities; make a skirt according to the project, protect the project.
Sections of programs required to complete the project.
Materials Science.
Mechanical Engineering.
Artistic processing of fabric.
Construction.
Modeling.
Technological sequence of product processing.
Economy
Organization of project implementation.
Justification of the problem and need.
Model selection.
Choice of fabric.
Equipment selection.
Product design and modeling.
Open the products.
Technological sequence of product manufacturing.
Product cost.
Assessing the quality and complexity of the project.
Project protection.
Main problems of project implementation.
Justification of the topic of the selected project.
Every morning, when we get dressed, the question arises: “What to wear?”
When choosing clothes, we look at the weather, remember what we have to do, and pay attention to our mood. In other words, we place many demands on clothing.
The most common piece of waist clothing is a skirt. It can serve as an independent type of clothing or form part of a set.
Let's take a look at her history.
Main part
Research the problem
In the history of the skirt, we find confirmation that all classes did not miss the opportunity to, even with its help, emphasize the importance of their person. In the 16th century, skirts of immense width appeared, which were arranged in several tiers. Skirts became so heavy that women could not wear them.
In the 17th century, clothing became more comfortable and looser. And the effect of wide hips was created by wearing skirts. The number of skirts in winter reached 12 pieces. All skirts were decorated with embroidery, lace, flounces
In the Russian village, skirts began to be worn no earlier than the middle of the 19th century. At first they were sewn like sundresses common in the village - on a bodice, which was made of lighter fabric and replaced the undershirt. Girls of marriageable age wore several skirts on holidays “to appear fatter” - for them, being plump was the same as beauty. Everyday skirts were made from canvas, while festive petticoats were made from blue, pink or red chintz.
Organizational plan for the production of the designed product.
Bank of ideas and suggestions
Model selection.
According to the way they are worn, skirts are classified as belt products. According to their purpose, skirts can be casual, home, sports, uniform, or for leisure. By cut they can be:
Model No. 1. Straight skirt.
Model No. 2. Wedge skirt.
Model No. 3. Flared skirt
Design - analysis
After considering all the options, I decided to go with the fourth model.
Model No. 4. Elegant skirt made of mixed fabric. The half-sun skirt consists of two parts - front and back panels. The wide stitched waistband is gathered with an elastic band.
The skirt is decorated with a wide belt - a bow. The belt-bow is made of finishing fabric.
Fabric selection
Flared skirts have a large expansion along the bottom line; for sewing it is better to choose fabric with a large width - from 1m to 1m 50cm. Such skirts are made from soft wool, silk, cotton and mixed fabrics. The choice of fabric for sewing depends on the purpose of the product. For this project, plain-dyed cresatin fabric was chosen, as it is soft and drapes well.
Equipment selection.
Sewing machine.
Ironing board.
Iron with steam humidifier.
Cotton threads No. 60 for machine work, cotton threads No. 50 for estimating work.
Hand needle for estimating work, machine needle No. 90, pins.
Tape measure.
Scissors.
Tailor's chalks.
Measurements for drawing a half-sleeve skirt.
Skirt drawing
Preparing fabric for cutting:
1. Check the quality of the fabric - there are no tears, undyed areas, stains.
2. Determine the front and back sides of the fabric.
3. Determine the direction of the grain thread and pattern.
4. Measure the length and width of the fabric.
5. Iron the dampened fabric along the grain.
6. Fold the fabric along the grain with the right side inward, the fold facing you, align the edges, and pin the fabric together.
Laying out the pattern onto the fabric. Open your skirts. 
“Measure twice, cut once” - this folk wisdom relates directly to cutting. It is quite obvious that the cutting operation should be approached with full responsibility and seriousness, and all rules and instructions should be strictly followed. Cutting fabric is one of the most important stages of sewing clothes; both its appearance and comfort in use will depend on it. The slightest carelessness when cutting can ruin the whole idea.
Technological sequence of apron processing
Like the manufacture of any garment, the manufacture of a skirt presupposes a certain procedure - a work plan. Consistent implementation of the plan's points will ensure work efficiency and help avoid ill-considered actions and mistakes that entail rework, loss of time and effort.
Work plan for sewing a skirt
1. Process the side cuts.
2. Process the belt.
3. Process the top cut.
4. Process the lower cut.
5. Connect the finishing belt with the stitched one.
6. Iron the finished product
Safety precautions when performing work
Safety rules when working with fabric
When working with needles and pins.
1. Sewing with a thimble.
2. Store needles and pins in a pillow, do not leave them in the workplace, and under no circumstances take needles or pins into your mouth.
3. Do not use a rusty needle.
4. Pin parts and patterns to the fabric with the sharp ends of the pins in the direction away from you.
When working with scissors.
1. Store scissors in a certain place (in a box).
2. Place them with their closed points facing away from you.
3. Pass the scissors, holding the closed tips, with the rings facing forward.
When working with an iron.
1. Check the integrity of the cord and the cleanliness of the soleplate of the iron.
2. Turn the iron on and off with dry hands using the plug body.
3. Place the iron on a special stand
4. Make sure that the cord does not touch the soleplate of the iron and that the iron does not overheat.
Product cost
| Name of used materials | materials per product | price per unit (RUB) | Costs for materials (rub.) |
| 1. Krepsatin | |||
| 2. Krepsatin | |||
| 1 reel | |||
The cost of my product turned out to be small - 142 rubles, since I sewed the skirt myself, and the money spent was only on materials.
Environmental survey
From an environmental point of view, the manufacturing process and operation of my product will not entail changes in the environment or disruptions in human life, since the skirt is made from environmentally friendly materials
The process of sewing a skirt is an environmentally friendly production!
Results of the work
Positive ratings. Half-sun skirt. The appearance of the product corresponds to the selected model. Processing completed as required. The skirt fits well on the figure. I liked the finished product.
Negative ratings. While working, I had one problem when processing the belt, but despite this the skirt looks beautiful
List of sources used
Technology. Sewing: textbook for 7th grade. specialist. (correct.) formed. Institutions of the VIII type / G.B. Kartushina G.G. Mozgovaya 5th edition - M.: Prsveshchenie, 2009.
Technology. Sewing: workbook for 7th grade. specialist. (correction) educational institutions of the VIII type / G.B. Kartushina G.G. Mozgovaya Publishing house "Prosveshchenie", 2009
Technology. 7th grade. Sewing: lesson developments / L.V. Bobrova. - Volgograd: Teacher, 2010.
4. Testing and measuring materials 5-9 grades.
Department of Education of the Arzamas Municipal District Administration
Municipal budgetary educational institution
Lomovskaya Secondary School
Creative project
on the topic of:
«»
7th grade student
Karmazina Alena Maksimovna
Supervisor:
technology teacher
Antonova Olga Viktorovna
Project sequence
1. Justification of the problem and needs that have arisen.
2. Brief formulation of the problem.
3.Identification of main parameters and limitations.
4.Research.
5. Drawing up a “thinking scheme”.
6.Development of ideas, options.
7.Analysis of ideas and selection of the optimal option.
8. Selection of fabric, tools, devices, equipment.
9. Rules for safe work during the manufacture of the product.
10. Sequence of product manufacturing.
11.Economic justification.
12. Control, testing.
14.Self-esteem.
Justification of the problem and need that has arisen.
I have a lot of trousers and jeans in my wardrobe. And I decided to sew a skirt to make myself more feminine and attractive, slender and elegant.
Brief statement of the problem.
When I substantiated the problem and need that had arisen, I immediately understood: my task was to model and sew a skirt.
Identifying key parameters and limitations .
What requirements, taking into account my wishes, do I make for my future product?
The skirt should be beautiful, comfortable and meet modern fashion.
The design of the skirt must match the chosen model.
The future update should fit well on the figure.
Any defects that arise must be eliminated while working on the item.
The skirt needs to have a classic style and can be worn with a smart blouse or jacket.
The product must have low cost and be of high quality.
Study
Nowadays, the number of girls in skirts has sharply decreased. Their place is taken by “true friends” at any time of the year and under any circumstances - trousers and jeans. And your favorite skirt ends up being thrown away into the closet - until next summer, a suitable event, or forever. Unfair, but natural.
Buying two or three skirts for a woman today is almost a feat. But trousers and jeans are a completely different matter.
Sellers of women's clothing state that recently women come to the store not for any specific item, but to “buy something they like.” And for some reason they “like” skirts less and less. Among the colorful and bright heap of women's clothing, constantly offering new shapes and textures, it is sometimes difficult to single out the lifesaver of a woman's wardrobe - the skirt. Hands are drawn to everything shiny, bright and interesting.
We think about a skirt only in hot weather, when going on a date or deciding to show off a new pair of shoes to our friends, which will be completely invisible under trousers.
I noticed that wearing a skirt made me look slimmer and more attractive, so I decided to sew it.
The history of the skirt.
The history of fashion is a topic in which one can trace a certain time line. We present a timeline with rather unusual content - this is the history of a woman's skirt. In ancient times, ladies considered it the height of indecency if the skirt did not cover the toes of the shoes. Times have changed and today the length of a skirt is a rather democratic thing and depends solely on the taste of the fair sex.
For thousands of years, people saw no need to separate men's and women's clothing. In the emerging civilizations, a kind of skirt - a loincloth, an apron - had almost no differences in gender, age and position. But the evolution of everyday life, moral, aesthetic, ethical and religious ideas have changed clothing.
Among young men of ancient civilizations it remained short, among noble men it lengthened. Women's clothing became more closed and featured a long skirt.
In the 16th century, Spain became the capital of fashion - it was she who established what kind of skirts noble people should wear. This time is characterized by the immense width of skirts, which became so heavy that ladies simply could not lift them. Then a frame made of hoops was invented. Covered with brocade and decorated with jewels, such skirts were very expensive. The skirt of those times was a whole structure; having installed it on the floor, they simply “entered” it and then fastened it to the corset.
Then the dome-shaped skirt became fashionable. By the middle of the last century, the skirt had already become somewhat simpler. The metal frame was replaced by a crinoline: a linen cover woven with horsehair, which was soon replaced by a wire frame. By the end of the 19th century, the skirt had already become an independent waist product. However, what all these skirts had in common was that they completely covered the legs.
The democratization of life has softened the view of fashion. In 1911, French couturier Paul Poiret released the first model of a skirt-trouser, for which he was anathematized.
Further, a significant time in the history of the skirt was the 1920s, when the Charleston skirt came into fashion. Its main advantage was the hem. It was deliberately made uneven to visually create the impression that the length of the skirt was below the knee. Actually while dancing
the legs were exposed up to the thighs.
In the late 1930s, designer Cristobal Balenciaga created the balloon dress, which was reinterpreted as the balloon skirt in the 1980s.
The flower skirt was created by the famous designer Christian Dior. They were incredibly curvy and fell below the knees.
The year 1964 went down in skirt history thanks to the English designer Mary Quant, who offered the women of the world a new style of skirt - the mini, and this was a real revolution in the fashion world. According to legend, she once found her friend Linda Quaisin while cleaning her apartment, wearing an old skirt cut off with scissors so that the long hem would not interfere with her work. Since then, the length of the new skirts in Mary's store has decreased by several centimeters every month. In the first year, more than 200 thousand English miniskirts were sold in France alone. The fashion designer was awarded the Order for Economic Merit by Queen Elizabeth II of England. It is believed that the Queen was grateful to Mary for the sharp increase in the birth rate in Britain as a result of the appearance of the mini.
Thus, in the 60s, a complete collection of various skirt models was formed, variations of which are also used by today's fashion designers. The length of the skirts varies from just above the ankle to just below the waist.
Drawing up a “thinking scheme”
Cost price.Problem, need.
Fashion, style, silhouette.
Model. Occupational Safety and Health.Skirt.
Textile.
Equipment.Design, modeling.
Tools, devices.
Development of ideas, options.
Model No. 1. Skirt - semi-sun. Zip fastening in the left side seam. The upper section of the skirt is finished with a stitched belt.
Model No. 2. Skirt - year, straight shape. Consists of 6 wedges. Zip fastening in the left side seam. The upper section of the skirt is finished with a stitched belt.
Model No. 3.
The skirt is straight, narrow in shape. There are two darts on the front and back panels. Zip fastening in the left side seam. The upper section of the skirt is finished with a stitched belt.
Analysis of ideas and selection of the optimal option .
Model No. 1, half-sun skirt, very beautiful, light, more suitable for tall and thin girls.
Model No. 2, a godet skirt, will add grace to older girls.
I chose model No. 3, a short, straight-cut skirt that will give my figure a slim look, will be age-appropriate, and can be worn with a blouse and jacket of any style.
Choice of fabric, tools,
devices, equipment.
Types of fabrics.
1) Worsted fabrics - luxurious, compact, shiny: twill, gabardine, twill, ottoman, thin Venetian wool, small bird's eye patterns.
2) Compact soft fabrics with a base - cloth, flannel, thin fabrics made of Saxon wool, castor, velvet.
3) Silk dense fabrics: faille, grosgrain, double-sided satin, georgette, pique.
4) Thin and smooth fabrics made of cotton and linen: twills made from high-twist yarn, thin satins.
5) Dry and compact summer wool: wool crepe, crisp twill. Plastic and duplicated fabrics: rayon and triacetate faille, summer satins.
6) Luxurious silk fabrics: grosgrain, damask, jacquard fabrics with tapestry patterns, brocade, corduroy, shantung.
7) Refined classics: denim, cotton twill, plain weaves, gabardine, jersey fabrics, silk poplin, satin, ottoman
8) Fabrics with handmade finishes: printed designs, embroidery, structured yarns, checks and stripes, needle lace and needle-punched effects.
9) Soft and warm woolen fabrics: shetland, fleecy tweed, fleece, thin felt, low-count yarns.
10) Winter cotton: corduroy, corduroy, fabrics with pile, moleskine, chenille.
A. Fabric selection.
I love the color purple: festive and noble. Medium weight crepe fabric is quite suitable for warm weather.
A satin ribbon for finishing to match the color of the fabric will look harmonious with the skirt and give it a romantic feel.
B. Selection of tools, fixtures and equipment
1) Sewing machine
2) Ironing board, iron, spray bottle.
3) Hand needle No. 3, pins, scissors, thimble.
4) Cotton threads No. 50 - for machine work, No. 60 - for hand work.
5) Measuring tape, ruler, chalk.
6) Textbook, workbook, album sheets. Additional materials: paper for drawing and making patterns, fashion magazines.
Safe work rules
during the manufacture of the product
When working with scissors:
Scissors must be well adjusted and sharpened.
Scissors should be stored in a stack.
Place the scissors with the blades closed facing away from you.
Pass the scissors rings to the front.
When working with a hand needle and pins
Needles and pins should be stored in a pincushion.
Wear a thimble when sewing.
A broken needle should be wrapped in paper and thrown away.
You cannot work with rusty needles.
When using an electric sewing machine
When working on a sewing machine, the light should fall from the left side or front directly on the person working. The chair should be in front of the needle.
Hair must be tucked under a headscarf.
Before work, you need to remove foreign objects from the machine platform, check that the needle is secure in the needle bar and that the presser foot is secure.
Before sewing parts, check to see if there are any pins or needles left in the fabric.
While working, do not lean towards moving parts of the sewing machine.
Do not keep your fingers near the foot or the moving needle.
Thickened areas should be stitched at lower speeds.
Do not remove or put on the drive belt while the machine is moving.
When installing the machine needle, bobbin case, or threading the needle, do not keep your foot on the pedal.
Do not leave the machine plugged in unattended.
Turn the plug on and off with dry hands, holding it by the body.
Clean and lubricate the sewing machine only after disconnecting it from the mains.
If a fault is detected in the electrical wire, a spark is knocked out of the motor, or electric shocks occur when touching the body of the sewing machine, immediately disconnect it from the network and inform the teacher about it.
After finishing work, unplug the sewing machine.
When using an electric iron
Before work, check that the cord is in good condition.
Turn the plug on and off with dry hands, holding it by the body.
Make sure that the sole of the iron does not touch the cord.
Place the iron on a soleplate with edges, do not leave it on the product or on the ironing board.
When finished, the iron must be turned off to prevent it from overheating.
Technological sequence of product manufacturing.
1) Taking measurements and drawing a skirt, making paper patterns.
Half waist circumference - 32.
Half hip circumference - 41.
Back length to waist-34.
Skirt length-47.
1.TB=Dts:2=34:2=17.
TN=Di=47 cm.
2.BB¹=Sb+Pb-
41+3 cm.=44 cm.
TT¹=BB¹=NN¹.
3.BB²=Sat:2=
41:2=20.5 cm.
4.Н²O=Т²H²+1 cm.
5. S=(Sat+Pb)-
(ST+PT)=
(41+3)-(32+1)=11 cm.
Т³Т4= S:2=11:2=5.5 cm.
6.BB³=B¹B4=0.2·Sb=41·0.2=8.2.
7.T5T6= S:3=11:3=3.6 cm.
Т7Т8= S:6=11:6=1.8 cm.
B6=B³+2 cm.
B5=B2+1 cm.
B7=6+4 cm.
2) Modeling of the product according to the main straight line drawing
skirts made of colored paper.
3) Preparing the fabric for cutting and cutting the skirt.
4) Preparing the cut details for basting.
5) First fitting of the skirt, correction of any defects.
6) Processing darts.
7) Wet-heat treatment of darts. Press and press the darts towards the middle of the piece.
8) Connecting the side sections by stitching the parts and processing the sections with a zigzag seam.
9) Wet heat treatment. Ironing the side seams of the skirt.
10) Processing the fastener in the left side seam of the skirt with a hidden braid - a zipper.
11) Processing of the belt, gluing with doublerin.
12) Processing the upper section of the skirt with a stitched belt.
13) Process the bottom edge of the skirt using a hem stitch with a closed edge.
14) Wet-heat treatment of the product.
15) Processing the loop and sewing on the button.
16) Finishing the product with satin ribbon embroidery.
17) Final fitting of the skirt. Product demonstration.
Calculation of the cost of materials.
n\n
Name
used
materials
Price
(rub.)
Material consumption per product
Expenses
for materials
(rub.)
Fabric "Crepe"
250 rub.
(1m)
50 cm
(1.5 m fabric width)
125 rub.
Zipper
15 rub.
(1 PC.)
1 PC.
15 rub.
Sewing threads
10 rub.
(1 cat.)
1 reel
10 rub.
Satin ribbon
15 rub.
(1m)
4m.
60 rub.
Total:
210 rub.
Control, testing.
The last stitch is done. I'm very happy! You can demonstrate the product. Smiling, I
I spin in front of the mirror and catch the envious glances of my friends! Everyone wanted to make the same skirt!
Olga Viktorovna praised her for the neat and beautiful work done.
Self-esteem.
My skirt turned out
very neat;
suitable for size and age;
with straight lines;
with unusual rose decoration.
I am very pleased that I managed to sew this model myself, and a fashionable, stylish and romantic skirt appeared in my wardrobe!
For me this is a real victory!
Need a skirt for business meetings - Please! The classic style is perfect for this!
Are you going to the club? The skirt can be decorated with shiny decor or metal fasteners.
Wanted to buy a skirt for going out? - no problem! Light fabrics, interesting styles, a lot of sparkles and openwork inserts.
There are no limits to imagination in this case!
We are waiting for you in the salon "Alyonushka"!
