Experience of a preschool teacher “Non-traditional application as a means of developing fine motor skills in preschool children”

1. Formation of experience.
While working with children in kindergarten, I noticed that children experience:
- uncertainty and constraint in actions and answers to questions;
- confusion when using methods of non-standard creativity and experimenting with materials;
- difficulties in expressing creativity;
- lacks self-confidence;
- poorly developed imagination;
- little independence;
- poorly developed hand motor skills.
Some children do not learn techniques and techniques for working with paper and other materials. To solve this problem, I began to study methodological literature in depth. There was a desire to diversify the practical activities of children planned by the program with the help of non-traditional applications.
As the famous teacher V.A. wrote. Sukhomlinsky: “The origins of children’s abilities and talents are at their fingertips. From the fingers come the finest threads - streams that feed the source of creative thought. The more skill in a child’s hand, the more capable the child.”

2. Relevance of experience
A child cannot develop a comprehensive understanding of the surrounding objective world without tactile-motor perception, since it underlies sensory cognition. It is with the help of tactile-motor perception that the first impressions of the shape, size of objects, and their location in space are formed.
Therefore, work on developing fine motor skills should begin long before entering school. Therefore, I believe that due attention should be paid to various tasks for the development of fine motor skills and hand coordination. This solves two problems at once: firstly, it indirectly affects the general intellectual development of children, and secondly, it prepares them for mastering the skill of writing.
Preschool childhood is an age stage that decisively determines the further development of a person. In preschool age, the process of cognition in a child occurs in an emotional and practical way. Every preschooler is a little explorer, discovering the world around him with joy and surprise. The child strives for active activity, and it is important not to let this desire fade away, but to promote its further development. The more complete and varied a child’s activity is, the more significant it is for the child and corresponds to his nature, the more successful his development is, the more potential opportunities and first creative manifestations are realized.
One of the closest and most natural activities for a child is artistic activity. In the artistic development of preschoolers, the central ability is the ability to perceive a work of art and independently create a new image (in drawing, modeling, appliqué), which is distinguished by originality, variability, flexibility, and mobility.
The formation of a creative personality is one of the important tasks of pedagogical theory and practice at the present stage. Its development begins more effectively from preschool age. The more diverse the conditions in which artistic activity takes place, the content, forms, methods and techniques of working with children, as well as the materials with which they work, the more intensely children’s artistic abilities will develop.
Non-traditional appliqué techniques are an impetus for the development of imagination, creativity, the manifestation of independence, initiative, and expression of individuality. By using and combining different methods of depiction in one work, preschoolers learn to think and independently decide what technique to use to make this or that image expressive.

3. Purpose and objectives of the experience
Deft children's and adults' hands, as well as imagination, can lead children to an amazing country, where they can learn and experience one of the most wonderful feelings - the joy of creation and creativity. Working with non-traditional materials offers great opportunities for the harmonious development of a child. These activities contribute to the development of his creativity, awaken his will, develop manual and labor skills, a sense of form, eye and color perception. Working on a composition contributes to the development of artistic taste. Children show interest in activities with non-traditional materials, which is the basis for a positive attitude towards work.
The goal of my work is to create conditions for the development of fine motor skills of children’s hands through classes in non-traditional appliqué.
I set myself the following tasks:
1. Development of skills to make precise movements with the fingers.
2. Development of the ability to coordinate the work of hands with visual perception.
3. Development of creative activity and imagination.
4. Development of memory, attention, creative imagination, thinking, speech, eye, cognitive interest.
5. Teach dexterity in handling various materials, train children’s hand muscles, and develop tactile sensations.
6. Cultivate perseverance, accuracy, goodwill, and the ability to work in a team and individually.

4. Forms of work
Non-traditional applique is applique using non-traditional materials and methods of work.
In my work I use the following types:
- Broken applique;
- Confetti applique;
- Application from napkins;
- Application of cereals and seeds;

Application made of cotton wool and cotton pads;
- Applique made of threads;
- Application of dry leaves;
- Origami.
This topic is interesting not only to me, but also to children, because at this age they really love to make something with their own hands, especially from unusual materials.
Applique made from rolled napkins is a simple and accessible form of creativity for any age. Napkins are a very interesting material for children's creativity. You can make various crafts from them. This type of creativity has a number of advantages: - the ability to create masterpieces without scissors; - development of fine motor skills of small hands; - development of tactile perception using paper of different textures; - ample opportunities for creativity. The napkins are cut into equal squares, then each square is rolled into a ball using your fingers. The resulting balls are glued according to the pattern using PVA glue.
Application of cereals and seeds. Preschool children simply need comprehensive development. Application from seeds develops fine motor skills and opens up new possibilities and abilities for the baby. A big advantage is the availability and safety of the material, and, most importantly, the ease of execution of the application itself.
Break applique is one of the types of multifaceted applique techniques. This method is good for conveying the texture of an image (fluffy chicken, curly cloud). In this case, we tear the paper into pieces and make an image from them. Children 5-7 years old can complicate the technique: not just tear pieces of paper as best they can, but pluck or tear off the outline drawing. Cutting appliqué is very useful for developing fine motor skills and creative thinking.
Application from cotton wool and cotton pads is a great way to make a voluminous greeting card or a soft relief picture. For applications, you can use not only cotton wool, but also cotton pads, which sometimes makes working with the application much easier. For example, the little ones will definitely enjoy making simple applications - a snowman, a caterpillar, flowers from circles. Vata allows you to develop motor skills and tactile sensations in a child. In addition, cotton wool can be painted, and then the space for artistic experiments expands significantly.
Origami (Japanese: “folded paper”) is a type of decorative and applied art; the ancient art of paper folding. Classic origami is folded from a square sheet of paper and requires the use of one sheet of paper without the use of glue or scissors. From the resulting figures you can make a variety of applications. This type of creativity develops fine motor skills, strengthens the muscles of the fingers, and develops logical thinking.
Cereal applique. Children really like cereal applique. You can create various crafts and applications with cereals. To do this, semolina, rice, millet, and horns are painted in different colors using gouache and water.
Application from dried plants. Currently, application of flowers, grass, leaves, the so-called floristry, has become widely popular. Working with natural materials is quite accessible to preschool children. Communicating with nature is exciting, interesting and useful. It develops creativity, thinking, observation, and hard work. Activities with natural materials help to develop in children a love for their native nature and a caring attitude towards it. They are also useful because the collection and preparation of natural material takes place in the air.
Confetti applique is another way of non-traditional appliqué. Punch circles of colored paper with a hole punch. Draw a picture, spread it with glue, you can sprinkle it, or you can lay out one circle at a time. The applications turn out bright and interesting.
Thread applique. This type of application develops imagination, perseverance, creativity, and tactile sensations. Draw a picture, cut the threads into small pieces, apply glue, sprinkle the threads, remove the excess. You can also draw with threads; this method is called threadography. The resulting paintings are very bright and easy to make.

5. Results of work
Results of my work:
1) The creative potential of children develops.
2) Children will receive joy from co-creation.
3) Children master non-traditional techniques in visual arts;
4) Children develop a stable interest in applications in classes and in independent activities;
5) Parents show increased interest in their children’s creativity.
6) Systematic work in this direction allows you to achieve the following positive results: the hand acquires good mobility, flexibility, stiffness of movements disappears, pressure changes, which in the future helps children easily master the skill of writing.
Comparing the results of my work, I saw that the children became more focused, independent, and attentive. Their appliqué work acquired a conscious, meaningful and purposeful character. All tasks that were given to children in the middle group at the end of the school year were completed much faster and without any effort.

6. Problems and creative prospects
Problem:
- some children do not show interest in various types of visual activities;
- most children do not show persistence and patience when completing tasks and do not finish the job they start;
- some children are afraid to touch various materials of work, which demonstrates self-doubt;
- poorly developed hand motor skills;
- some children have poorly developed imagination; they perform the work in the same way as a teacher.
The main task of non-traditional appliqué classes is to create conditions, make accessible and easily doable all tasks related to the need to use fine motor skills of the hands. This can be achieved only through the gradual development of manual skill, achieved as a result of the transition from simple to more complex tasks.
Perspective: Continue working on mastering new non-traditional appliqué techniques that develop fine motor skills of the hand.

My children's works

"Butterfly" Leaf applique

"Winter forest"
Applique using the technique of cutting out symmetrical objects from paper folded in half

"Frosty patterns on the window"
Applique made using the cut-off applique technique

"Autumn Tree"
Cut-out applique, puzzles

"Snowman"
Broken applique

"Amanita"
Napkin applique

"Rocket"
Broken applique

"Easter Egg"
Plasticineography

"Kitten with a ball"
Thread applique

"Rocket"
Origami technique

"Winter Tree"
Applique of rolled napkins

7. Literature used
1. Bolshakova S.E. Formation of fine motor skills of the hands, Sphere, 2008.
2. Gusakova M. A. Application: A manual for teachers of preschool education - M.: Education, 2000.
3. Zhukova O. Preschool age: about manual skill. - Preschool education, 2008, No. 8.
4. Kvach N.V. Development of imaginative thinking and graphic skills in children 5-7 years old: A manual for teachers of preschool institutions. - M.: Humanit ed. VLADOS Center, 2001.
5. Korchikova O. V. Decorative and applied creativity in preschool institutions (series “Your Child’s World”). – Rostov N/A: Phoenix, 2002.
6. Lykova I. A. “Art activities in kindergarten”, 2007.
7. Lyubina G. The hand develops the brain. Magazine “Child in kindergarten”, No. 6, 2003, No. 1, 2004. Productive activities in the development of a 5-6 year old child

My daughter and I started using glue at about 1 year and 4 months. What she liked most was applying glue to the paper and picking at it with her finger. Well, for her it was an object to study, something new and unknown. After studying, we simply washed our hands together, because... Everything stuck to them, and Anyutka didn’t like it.

How to teach a child to work with glue?

First, show with your example how to apply glue to a figurine, pick it up, turn it over, put it on the picture and pat it. As a rule, children like slapping the most.

When making the first applications, give your child the opportunity to play with glue. It's better for this use double-sided colored paper, or glossy magazines. In this case, you and your child will not have to watch which side to apply the glue to. He will do as he pleases, enjoying the process.

Cut out large parts. The figures will stick to your fingers and will be difficult to turn over. When your child applies glue, help him hold the shape, making sure he moves his hand parallel to the work surface.

If your child can’t apply glue to the figures, or he just doesn’t like it, you can Apply PVA glue to the base, and ask the child to arrange the figures the way he likes and press them with his fingers or palm.

Remember that the result is not important for the baby. For him, creativity is a process that brings pleasure.

Ideas for applications with kids

1. Abstract applique or simple paintings

Cut different shapes from colored double-sided paper and show how to glue them onto cardboard or landscape paper.

You can create a beautiful abstract painting from different geometric shapes.

You can beat her by offering to make a “blanket” for your favorite doll, or a road for a car strewn with multi-colored stones.

This will make gluing much more fun and interesting.

If you use colored cardboard as a base, you will get simple pictures:

• Flower meadow (base - green cardboard on which flowers cut out of colored paper are glued);
• Starry sky (base – dark blue/black cardboard, figures – large and small stars, planets, rockets).
• Snowfall (base – blue cardboard, figures – white circles, snowflakes)

2 . Application - collage

Cut out pictures from old magazines, newspapers, postcards, and baby food boxes. For the base, take white cardboard or a thick sheet of paper. Show your child how to apply glue and turn the picture over. Decide together on which side to apply the glue.

Give your child the opportunity to stick the pictures the way he wants, maybe even one on top of the other, and then compose a fairy tale for him based on the resulting picture. Believe me, your child will be delighted.

By the way, if your child is good with a brush, you can use PVA instead of pencil glue. Pour glue into a small container (you can use bottle caps or a plate from a children's dish set).

3. Applique on the blank

Instead of a regular sheet of paper, you can invite your child to decorate a pre-prepared base, such as a butterfly.

Cut out a butterfly from cardboard or a thick sheet of paper, cut circles, ovals, squares and triangles from double-sided colored paper. Invite your child to stick them on the butterfly and make its wings bright and beautiful.

Glue can be applied both to the figures and directly to the base. Act in a way that is most convenient for the child. Anyuta likes to smear glue directly on the base, and then put decorations there.

Ideas for applique blanks:

• aquarium - the child will populate it with fish and draw algae;
• a plate on which sweets are glued;
• Christmas tree - you can decorate it with balls, toys, and even tinsel made from threads;
• apple tree - glue yellow, red or green apples to it;
• giraffe, zebra - cut out large, and the baby will glue spots or stripes.
• a hedgehog that carries apples and mushrooms.

4. Ready-made applications

I buy books for Anyutka “Applique for Kids” (they are A5 format).

Each book contains 4-5 applications, consisting of a black and white outline of a fairy-tale hero or animal and colored details (3-4 parts). The price of such a book is only 10 rubles.

Is your imagination failing and you no longer know what to do with your child? In this article you will find several unusual and interesting ideas for applique that are suitable for both babies and older children.

Applique is a long-standing pastime not only for many children, but even for adults. After all, gluing something onto a base or sewing it on is very interesting. And now many different materials have appeared that can be successfully used in applications and create wonderful and unusual works.

Often the works use all sorts of elements that are easy to find in any home or even on the street: pebbles, shells, beads, seed beads, pieces of regular or lace fabric, buttons and many other different things.

Subjects for creating applications can be very diverse:

• these could be your favorite cartoon characters
• favorite animals or toys
• Live nature
• different holidays

Paper applique

Application – Cat in the meadow

Most often, when we talk about applique with children, we mean paper applique. And this is not just so, because paper can be found in any stationery store, and the variety of its types is quite large.

• The paper is bright and colorful, which really attracts the child to work with it.
• It can be of different textures and shapes
• It is easy to roll, fold, cut out any shape from it and glue it to a paper base
• Well, the most important thing is that paper is an environmentally friendly and, accordingly, safe material, therefore it is great for creative activities even with the smallest children

The influence of applique classes on the development of a child

Thanks to the application, children gain the following skills:

• master movement coordination
• develop fine motor skills of the hands
• learn the basics of composition
• learn colors and how they can be combined
• study different textures
• develop observation and imagination
• learn to fantasize

Appliqué work promotes the development of a child’s thinking processes; he learns to analyze and compare real objects and animals with crafts made with you. A child, working with an applique, makes a whole from several parts and learns to divide the whole into components.

Application with pasta and beans

• Like any other type of creativity, applique helps the development of speech, when adults discuss with the child the crafts they create, explain what they are doing and why, and what the end result is. By working together, children engage in dialogue and increase their erudition
• And of course, this is a good option for spending time together with your child, which will help you establish and strengthen emotional contact.
• Below we offer you ideas for crafts using the applique technique. The proposed examples vary in complexity and require varying amounts of time to create. Therefore, choose works according to the child’s age and help him create them.
• It will be good if you invite your child to change the composition, come up with something of his own - this will help him develop his imagination and creative abilities

Materials for paper applique

To make the work look beautiful, you need to carefully cut out the necessary elements and also carefully glue them onto the base, but beauty also depends on the materials chosen.

The assortment of paper in stores is very large, but not all of it is suitable for appliqué work, and you can make a mistake when choosing glue. Please note the material selection guidelines below.

Paper and cardboard for applique

It is better to choose paper that is not very thin, but very thick paper will not work either. You can take either matte or glossy paper; it can be textured or smooth.

Choose paper that suits your idea. But please note that glossy paper will show traces of glue and fingerprints, so it is better to give preference to matte paper, then the work will look neater.

• First, try working with colored paper, which is produced specifically for the printer. It is in every store and comes in different colors. It is quite good in density and matte
• More experienced creators can use coated paper, it is also available in sets of different colors. This paper is glossy and quite thick.
• Textured paper will help to emphasize any details of the craft. Choose paper of a suitable thickness and desired texture, for example, with some kind of embossing or velvet effect
• It still happens foil paper, with its help you can make very realistic windows in your craft, or water. This paper is usually produced in medium weight, which is perfect for appliqué. Sometimes such paper also has a holographic effect.

• A very convenient type of paper for appliqué is self-adhesive paper, however, you still need to look for it, and the color palette is very poor. This paper is convenient because it does not require glue to be glued, thanks to which it adheres perfectly evenly to the base.
• Drawing paper well suited for creating templates, because... it is dense and its edges do not wrinkle
• Cardboard It is good to use as a basis for work; it can be either white or colored. Due to its density, it will not wrinkle when parts are glued to it. Also choose the cardboard that is most suitable for your idea; it can be either matte or glossy.

Glue and other applique tools

To create an applique, the necessary parts are cut out of paper and glued to the base cardboard. You can cut parts along the outer edge with scissors, but to cut holes inside it is better to use a stationery knife.

The glue also needs to be selected correctly so that it does not cause deformation of the paper and the craft does not lose its appearance.

• Scissors choose good ones, they should cut the paper well and be sharp. They should be comfortable for the child to hold. It is better if you have scissors with straight blades for cutting parts in a straight line, and second ones with rounded blades, which are easy to cut along a curved path.
• In order to cut anything inside the part, you will need stationery knife. They are also easy to cut along the contour of the template
• Metal ruler useful for cutting straight lines with a knife
• You will need cutting mat with a stationery knife, it will protect your furniture from scratches
• You can find it in stores figured hole punches, with their help you can make various figures from colored or white paper with one click on it. The variety of types of hole punches is quite large; they differ in size and shape. With their help, you can make a bunch of butterflies and flowers for a forest clearing in a matter of minutes, rather than cutting them out with scissors for half a day

Figured hole punch - Butterfly

• They will make the edge of the paper into an interesting shape, following a certain pattern. There are also many different types of them, so to speak, for every taste

• Rubber glue very convenient for application, because If the part is not glued correctly, before the glue has dried, you can carefully remove it and glue it in another place. Also, traces of glue can be easily removed with a regular eraser. The only drawback of this glue is its smell, so it is better not to use it with children.
• For small children you can buy glue stick. It practically does not deform the paper, but traces of it still remain
• Glue with brush will be very convenient for kids to use, because they will be very interested in dipping a brush into a jar and applying glue to the part

Additional materials and techniques for application

To make the application special and interesting, you can use other materials.

• A highlight will be added, for example, by such a detail as the animal’s artificial plastic eyes, which will move when the position of the picture changes.
• Small details in the work do not have to be cut out; they can be drawn with a felt-tip pen or pencil
• An acrylic outline will help highlight the necessary elements of the craft.
• You can use beads and paper lace in the applique; these materials will make the work interesting and unusual.
• You can put the craft in a frame if it turns out very beautiful, it is dear to you as a memory, or it was made as a gift

Circle applique ideas

An unusual applique idea is to use only cut out paper circles. If you make all the details from circles, you will get a very interesting and unusual work.

The child will really like this activity, especially if he sees how simple circles of different sizes turn into a cute cat or bird.

Napkin applique ideas

For applications, you can use even the most ordinary napkins. They come in different colors, although their choice is not large; as a rule, these are primary colors and several additional shades. This technique is very simple and can be done even with three-year-old children.

Applique using napkin balls is a very exciting activity for children. This technique stimulates the development of fine motor skills well, because... Rolling balls is a very painstaking job.

Making this craft is quite simple:

• prepare the drawing, apply it to the base
• the details of the drawing should not be small, there must be enough space for gluing the balls
• you will need PVA glue and scissors
• prepare colorful napkins
• select the size of the frame to frame your finished work

Napkins can also be replaced with corrugated paper, but this is not necessary, because... You can find these napkins in any store. The only thing better than corrugated paper is the wide variety of colors.

The drawing can not be applied to cardboard, but printed on a printer and glued to the base. While it is drying, you need to prepare multi-colored balls.

To do this, cut napkins or corrugated paper into squares of the same size and roll them into balls. For such work you will need a lot of balls, and their number will also depend on the size of the picture and the size of the balls themselves.

Using PVA glue, napkins need to be glued to the picture, some details can be drawn with a marker or felt-tip pen, it all depends on your imagination and the desire of the young master.

The background of the work can also be made from balls of a suitable color.

Frame your work and use it to decorate a room or other room in the house or garden. This painting will also be a good gift for relatives and loved ones, for example, on the holiday of February 23 or March 8.

Button applique ideas

All children love buttons. Probably, every child more than once found his mother’s box with them and put things in order in it, choosing the ones he liked the most. Therefore, an applique with buttons will be interesting to any child.

From the age of two, a child can already make a simple picture by gluing buttons in the shape of a flower or a butterfly to the base.

With older children, you can make a hot stand by gluing buttons to leather or a piece of felt.

With older children, buttons can be glued with glue, but when working with little ones, it is better to glue double-sided tape to the buttons. If there are a lot of them and there is no way to stick tape onto each one, you can glue plasticine onto the cardboard, and then press the buttons onto it. It is better to use glossy cardboard, because... stains from plasticine may appear on the matte finish.

Cereal application ideas

Cereals can be successfully used not only in the kitchen, but also in creativity. Cereals make wonderful and unusual paintings and crafts.

Just like with the napkins, you'll need a base image. This can be any image drawn, printed or cut out from a coloring book. The main thing is that there are no small details in the picture, then its elements can easily be covered with different grains.

• Apply glue to the picture with a brush. If you will use different grains, do not apply glue to the entire drawing at once.
• First coat one part with glue and let the child sprinkle cereal on it. You can use your fingers to press it slightly onto the base. Anything that doesn’t stick, shake it back into the plate.
• If there are several elements, apply glue to them and sprinkle with cereal one by one - this will help make the work neat

You can use a wide variety of cereals, and you can even paint them in different colors with gouache. And it's very easy to do:

• dilute the gouache with a little water
• paint the cereal with a brush
• place on a bag or stationery file in one layer
• let dry

The second method is suitable if you need to color a lot of grains, and it is good because the colored grains do not stain your hands when you work with them further:

• Place the cereal in a container, rice works well
• fill it with water and add enough gouache to get a bright, rich color
• leave to stand for 12 hours
• drain the water and dry in one layer

Applications made from natural materials

Autumn gives us a lot of natural materials that can be used in various crafts. From simple leaves that are lying on the streets, you can make a lot of interesting things, including applications. They make funny little people, various animals, landscapes and even plot paintings.

Collecting material for applications is also very fun and easy, because you can find leaves while walking in the park.

You can make a hedgehog from maple leaves, fish from birch, and oak leaves resemble a tree.

Some details of the work can be completed with felt-tip pens or paints.

You can cut out the necessary parts from the leaves, i.e. use not a whole leaf, but a cut out element. Use leaves of different colors.

You can pre-dry the leaves or put them in a book for a while to straighten them out. You can also dry them by ironing them through a sheet of paper.

Dry leaves can be crushed into crumbs and sprinkled with them on the base on which the glue is applied. After this, shake off the remaining crumbs. Younger children will really enjoy this activity.

VIDEO: For educators and parents - applications for children

No matter how your baby grows up - a calm quiet person or a nimble fidget - there is a type of activity that can work wonders. This is an application. During the lesson, which any mother can do, the child’s eyes light up: he sees how a real masterpiece is created from under his fingers. Believe me, children really enjoy this pastime.

Application is..?

Applique is a type of creative activity during which various shapes are cut out and glued to a base (usually paper or cardboard).

The most common materials for applique are colored paper, cardboard and fabric. However, for this purpose you can successfully use tree bark, dried leaves, pine needles, straw, twigs, feathers, grass, moss, eggshells, yarn, cotton wool, shells and pebbles, beads, plastic bottle caps and many different materials .

The application gives children...

Applique is one of children's favorite types of visual arts. While doing applique, your baby will be busy. The process itself and its result will bring a lot of pleasure to the child. Children are pleased with the bright color of the paper, the successful rhythmic arrangement of the figures, and the cutting and pasting technique is of great interest to them. Such activities significantly bring parents and children closer together.

Paper applique for children can be a very interesting and educational activity. The baby develops and improves fine motor skills, which has the best effect on the child’s mental development. During the lesson, the child develops artistic imagination and aesthetic taste, as well as design thinking. Sixthly, applique classes develop abstract and object thinking, and even speech.

Application is closely related to sensory perception and cognitive activity, which also has a huge impact on the development of children’s mental and creative abilities. The development of sensory perception is facilitated by paper processing operations: bending, cutting, tearing and tearing, gluing.

Begin…

Application is one of the most accessible and understandable types of children's creativity. In reality, making an applique is not difficult; you can prepare it in a few minutes or during a lesson with your child. We recommend that you pick up colored cardboard or paper, scissors, paste or PVA glue. Cut out various shapes and images: circles, ovals, leaves of various shapes, apples, pears, cars, animals, etc.

As soon as the material is ready, you can start studying. But an indispensable condition is that you and your child must be in a good mood. To begin, invite your child to stretch his palms and fingers. Finger games or the following exercises can help you here.

• "Funny Splashes" - shaking and relaxing the hands in different rhythms, simulating the splashing of water drops.
• "Fingers are tapping" - tapping fingers simultaneously or one by one on any hard surface.
• "Find out the subject" - the child is asked to use his fingers to “guess” objects and toys with pronounced details.
• "Fingers say hello" - the tip of the thumb of the right hand touches the tips of the index, middle, ring and little fingers in turn.
• "The Hasty Bug" - fingers move quickly along the surface of the table. These exercises develop the fine muscles of the fingers and create a good mood.

If your wish is not shared by your baby, do not be upset. And, every time, take into account the mood and desire of the child. At first, applique classes should not last longer than 15 minutes.

Carefully!

Probably every mother intuitively understands what is allowed and what is not allowed when practicing appliqué with children. However, it would be useful to recall the following:

• prepare a workplace for the child: it should be clean and comfortable;
• while working, do not allow your child to put glue in his mouth or spread it anywhere;
• make sure that the baby does not play with scissors, but uses them for their intended purpose (he must understand that this is not a toy, because if he doesn’t get hurt this time, he may do it in your absence).

Try making an applique at home with your child:

There are so many types of applications for children that it is difficult to talk about them all in one article. However, let us list

main ones:

☺ From napkins: draw the outline of the picture on a sheet of paper or cardboard; finely tear the napkin; roll up lumps of napkins together; Pour paste or PVA glue into a shallow container. Let the child take a ball from a napkin and dip it in glue and stick it on the image, trying to stick the ball to the ball. The result is a voluminous and beautiful picture.

☺ Tear applique: in this case we tear the paper into pieces and make an image from them.

☺ Overlay applique: This technique allows you to create a multi-color image. Conceiving an image and consistently creating it, overlaying and gluing details in layers so that each subsequent detail is smaller in size than the previous one.

☺ Three-dimensional applique made of colored paper is a type of crafts with children that does not require training, special tools or any special skills. In order to make a beautiful volumetric applique you will need scissors, glue, colored paper and the desire to make a beautiful craft. Children engaged in volumetric appliqué increase their level of attention, patience and perseverance, and also develop hand motor skills.

☺ Application from seeds and cereals: in this case you will need seeds (watermelon or pumpkin), cereals, pencil, cardboard, PVA glue. We make a drawing on the cardboard using a pencil, then coat the drawing with PVA glue and sprinkle with cereal or seeds. Applications made from cereals give your child a lot of pleasant tactile sensations.

☺ Application can be made using other materials:

bark, pine needles, straw, feathers, twigs, grass, moss, matches, yarn, cotton wool, plasticine, shells, pebbles, dry berries, beads and rhinestones, eggshells, foil.

Give free rein to your imagination and you will have many ideas for applications, wonderful crafts and a lot of positive emotions for you and your

Spend your leisure time with your child.

Imagine and create!

I wish you creative success!

Consultation on the topic:

"Applique,

as a means of developing the creative abilities of preschool children"

Visual activity is of great importance in solving the problems of aesthetic education, since by its nature it is an artistic activity. The specific nature of visual arts classes provides ample opportunities for experiencing beauty and for developing children’s emotional and aesthetic attitude to reality.

Each type of visual activity, in addition to the general aesthetic influence, has its own specific effect on the child. The application is of great importance for the training and education of preschool children. It contributes to the formation and development of many personal qualities of an individual, his mental and aesthetic capabilities.

Applique (from Latin applicatio - applying) - creating artistic images by gluing, sewing onto fabric or paper multi-colored pieces of any material; image, pattern created in this way.
For applique, you can use a variety of materials: paper, fabric, threads, shells and pebbles, and even the most ordinary cereal.
Applique is one of the most favorite activities of children. Kids like to cut something out of paper or fabric, glue it, paint it and end up with a handmade creation.
Previously, it was believed that the application was not available for children in the second or third year of life. This activity involves working with small planar images and shapes, mastering the ability to compose a whole image from parts, mastering the skills of smearing, gluing, etc. The activity, in general, is really not easy. But not easy does not mean useless. Scientists have studied the optimal capabilities of children in the first years of life. The results of observations and experiments convincingly prove that exercises with ready-made planar shapes and images provide a qualitative leap in the diversified development of a child. It has been established that children of this age have unique capabilities. Through specially targeted influences, it is possible to achieve a very high level of development and earlier formation of a particular brain function.
Any creative activity, in particular appliqué, is of great importance for the mental development of children; the stock of knowledge expands based on ideas about the various forms and spatial position of objects in the surrounding world, various sizes, and a variety of shades of colors.
When making an applique product, it is important to draw children’s attention to the variability of shapes, colors (ripe - not ripe berries, plants at different times of the year), different spatial positions of objects and parts (a bird sits, flies, pecks grains; a fish swims in different directions, etc.). P.).
By doing appliqué, children learn different materials (paper, cereal, clay, shells, etc.), become familiar with their properties, expressive capabilities, and acquire skills in working with them. Children also acquire experience working with certain tools of human activity (pencil, glue, brush, paint, scissors). All these activities contribute to the mental development of children.
To create an applique, you need to apply effort, carry out labor actions, master the skills of sculpting, cutting, drawing an object of one shape or another structure, as well as master the skills of handling scissors, a pencil and a brush, glue and plasticine. Proper use of these materials and tools requires a certain amount of physical effort and labor skills. The assimilation of skills and abilities is associated with the development of such volitional personality traits as attention, perseverance, and endurance. Children are taught the ability to work hard and achieve the desired result.

So, applique:

Develops artistic imagination and aesthetic taste.

Develops constructive thinking - often, while working, the child needs to assemble a whole from parts.

Develops fine motor skills and tactile sensations, especially if other materials are used in addition to paper: fabric, cereals, dried flowers, straws.

Helps to learn colors and shapes.

Introduces children to the concept of technology: in order to get a result, it is necessary to perform a sequence of various actions: cut out parts, smear glue on paper, sprinkle cereal, smear plasticine, etc.

According to the subject of the image, the applique is divided into subject, plot, landscape and decorative. (The applique can be subject, consisting of individual images (leaf, branch, tree, mushroom, flower, bird, house, person, etc.); plot, displaying a set of actions, events (“Victory Salute”, “Flight into Space”, “The Birds Have Arrived”, etc.); decorative, including ornaments, patterns that can be used to decorate various objects.)

The shape of the applique can be three-dimensional or flat.
By color - single-color and multi-color.
A variety of materials are used for its manufacture: paper; fabrics of various textures (cotton, silk, velvet, cords); leather, fur, foam rubber, natural and waste materials, etc.

The following general tasks are solved in application training:

Create a decorative pattern from various geometric shapes and plant (leaf, flower) details, placing them in a certain rhythm on a cardboard or fabric base of various shapes.

Compose an image of an object from separate parts; depict the plot.

Master various techniques for obtaining parts for appliqué from different materials: cutting with different techniques, tearing, weaving; as well as the technique of attaching them to the base: gluing, sewing.

Develop a sense of color, know primary colors and their shades, master the ability to create harmonious color combinations.

Develop a sense of form, proportion, composition.

Introduction to the application begins with the first junior group. The teacher is guided by a well-known characteristic of children: at the age of 2-3 years, healthy children have a pronounced emotional response to an offer to do something, to participate in something, the child shows a readiness to act. And the main task of an adult is to support this activity, not to let it fade away, to give it a creative character. This favorable period of childhood for the development of children's activity and independence should not be missed. The tasks solved at this age are elementary:

Teach actions with paper (tear, crumple, roll, cut), help children see in paper a material that can be transformed and has its own properties and qualities: soft, dense, smooth, rough,
shiny, matte, paper of different colors, wrinkles, tears, cuts, rustles differently.

Give kids an idea of ​​the necessary tools and equipment for appliqué: scissors, brush, glue, oilcloth, etc.

Develop emotional responsiveness to an adult’s offer to do something, a willingness to participate with him in the creation of basic artistic crafts.

Develop interest, an emotionally positive attitude towards basic actions with paper, and the desire to perform them independently.

Develop aesthetic perception and feelings: recognize the resulting image, admire, rejoice “following” adults.

The content of work at this age is unique: semi-volume (from paper lumps, balls) and “mosaic” (from pieces) object applique, which depicts the simplest objects: colored balls, a sprig of rowan berries, cherries, a sprig of mimosa, lilacs, various vegetables , fruits, animal figurines, etc. These works, made on a colored background and framed, delight children with their brightness and can find practical application for decorating the interior of a doll corner, group, preschool, children's room in the family, etc.

By performing individual actions together with the teacher making the appliqué, children get their first ideas about it as a method of depiction using paper transformed by hand or using a tool - scissors.

Mastering specific actions with materials, tools, and objects at an early age occurs through communication with an adult. Only he can convey to the child information about the functions of objects, tools, show techniques for using materials, etc. in joint activities with him.

The teacher includes a separate action of children to transform the material into the holistic process of creating crafts. This action (crushing paper into a ball, rolling it into a ball, etc.), which gives an intermediate result, acquires a practical meaning for the child.

Children's actions with paper gradually become more complex.

The first manual productive actions, joint with an adult, included in the context of creating a certain “product,” emotionally prepare the child for systematic and more meaningful participation in the application. The first attempts to transform the material do not require children to clearly perceive shape and color; they are not yet involved in the design of the image, but already in the fourth year of life more complex tasks can be set in the application:

Teach children to make patterns from geometric shapes on a strip, square, rectangle, isosceles triangle.

Teach preschoolers to compose simple objects from ready-made shapes (a Christmas tree, a house, a snowman, etc.), and elementary plots from familiar objects (a train with a trailer, a house with a Christmas tree, etc.).

Teach children to hold scissors correctly, cut narrow strips along the fold (bent in half), and then wider ones (several strokes of the scissors).

Teach the technique of spreading paper parts with glue: “outlining” its edges with a brush with glue.

To form in children a conscious attitude to the order in which the work is done: first lay out the pattern (object, plot) on a sheet of paper, and then take and stick each detail one by one.

To develop artistic taste in preschoolers.

In the middle group, more complex problems are solved:

Learn to cut out parts for appliqué from different materials (paper, fabric) in simple ways - cut, cut, cut along the contour.

Involve children in creating applications from dry leaves, adjust the methods of gluing leaves to the base.

Enrich the content of the applications, ensuring that children become more familiar with the natural world, objects of folk art, etc., as well as the variety of details used (not only geometric shapes, but also plant ones).

Teach children to place parts on rounded shapes: oval, circle, rosette.

In middle preschool age, the child’s hand becomes firmer and more confident, so more complex cutting methods appear; children themselves can make details such as an oval, a circle, rounding the corners of rectangles; cutting corners in a straight line to make a trapezoid; cut the squares diagonally to create triangles. Children of this age can be given stencils to cut out details of subject content (mushroom, flower, etc.). Experience shows that children who have worked with a stencil and cut out parts along the contour later have an easier time mastering symmetrical and silhouette cutting and cutting “by eye.”

If children master scissors early, then by the end of middle age they can cut out parts from fabric using all the above methods, and as a result, fabric appliqué is possible. For the base, burlap, drape, and plain-dyed cotton fabric are used. You can make patterns on it either by alternating parts of different colors and shapes, or by creating compositions from elements of national ornaments of different peoples, you can create an object or elementary plot appliqué. But unlike similar paper products, appliqué on fabric is more durable and versatile in use (napkin, towel, carpet, tablecloth).

Children four to five years old can be taught appliqué from dry plant leaves: to create a pattern, alternating leaves in shape, size, color and placing them symmetrically on a cardboard base of different geometric shapes: stripes, squares, etc. You cannot smear the sheet with glue as a part made of paper or fabric, moving the brush along the contour - the sheet will begin to crumble. It is spread by moving the brush from the index finger of the left hand to the edges of the sheet.

To convey the image to children, other materials are provided: pencils, thin twigs, seeds. For example, when making a butterfly applique, the abdomen can be made not only from a leaf, but also drawn and glued on a thin twig; for the eyes, use small seeds or draw them too.

In older preschool age, children master more complex cutting techniques - symmetrical, silhouette, multi-layered, as well as tearing and weaving techniques. They can combine techniques.

Preschoolers are learning new ways to attach parts: sewing them to fabric. In this case, children receive two options for the image: planar and semi-volumetric (when cotton wool is placed between the base and the part). In the second case, the image is more expressive.

Here are some unconventional appliqué techniques you can use with children.

Non-traditional appliqué techniques:

Broken applique

This method is good for conveying the texture of an image (fluffy chicken, curly cloud). In this case, we tear the paper into pieces and make an image from them. Children 5-7 years old can complicate the technique: not just tear pieces of paper as best they can, but pluck or tear off the outline drawing. Cutting appliqué is very useful for developing fine motor skills and creative thinking.

Overlay applique

This technique allows you to obtain a multi-color image. We conceive an image and consistently create it, overlaying and gluing parts in layers so that each subsequent detail is smaller in size than the previous one.

Modular application (mosaic)

With this technique, an image is created by gluing many identical shapes. Cut out circles, squares, triangles, or simply torn pieces of paper can be used as the basis for a modular applique.

Symmetrical applique

For symmetrical images, fold the blank - a square or rectangle of paper of the required size - in half, hold it by the fold, and cut out half of the image.

Ribbon applique

This method allows you to get not one or two, but many identical images, scattered or interconnected. To make a ribbon applique, you need to take a wide sheet of paper, fold it like an accordion and cut out the image.

Silhouette applique

This method is accessible to children who are good with scissors. They will be able to cut out complex silhouettes using a drawn or imaginary outline.

Quilling

Quilling (English quilling - from the word quill (bird feather), also paper rolling, is the art of making flat or three-dimensional compositions from long and narrow strips of paper twisted into spirals.

Collage

Collage (from the French collage - gluing) is a technical technique in the fine arts, which consists in creating paintings or graphic works by gluing onto any base objects and materials that differ from the base in color and texture. A collage is also a name for a work made entirely in this technique. Collage is used mainly to obtain the effect of surprise from the combination of dissimilar materials, as well as for the sake of the emotional richness and poignancy of the work.

Origami

Origami (from Japanese: folded paper) is a type of decorative and applied art; the ancient art of paper folding. Classic origami is folded from a square sheet of paper and requires the use of one sheet of paper without the use of glue or scissors.

Napkin applique

Napkins are a very interesting material for children's creativity. You can make various crafts from them. This type of creativity has a number of advantages:

the ability to create masterpieces without scissors;

development of fine motor skills of small hands;

development of tactile perception using paper of different textures;

ample opportunities for creativity.

Corrugated paper

Corrugated paper is one of the types of so-called craft paper. Compared to regular paper, it appeared relatively recently. It is very soft, delicate and pleasant to the touch. Children love the gorgeous colors and they enjoy working with her in art activities. This is an excellent decorative and craft material that allows you to create scenery, colorful toys, original garlands and magnificent bouquets, costumes, which can be an excellent holiday gift.

Fabric applique

Fabric applique is a type of sewing. Appliqué embroidery involves attaching pieces of other fabric to a specific fabric background. Fabric appliques are strengthened either by sewing or gluing. Fabric appliqué can be substantive, narrative or decorative; single-color, two-color and multi-color. Making fabric appliqué requires certain skills. First, you need to be able to cut fabric (fabric is more difficult to cut than paper); secondly, the edges of the fabric can crumble and complicate the work.

Cereal application

For very young children it is useful to develop fine motor skills. Touching objects with your fingers and learning to make pinch movements is, of course, important. But children over the age of one year are interested in seeing the result of their work right away. Cereal application becomes the most attractive for them in this regard. With cereal you can create different crafts with kids. To do this, semolina, rice, and millet are painted in different colors using gouache and water.

Straw applique

Straw appliqués are extremely attractive: they have a golden cast. This happens because the straw has a glossy surface and longitudinally arranged fibers. These fibers reflect light maximally only in a certain position. Composed of shapes at different angles relative to the light. The applique conveys a unique game: it shines like gold. These can be paintings, ornamental stripes, bookmarks, boxes, frames.

Application from dried plants

Nowadays, application of flowers, grass, leaves - the so-called floristry - has become very popular. Working with natural materials is quite accessible to students and preschool children. Communicating with nature is exciting, interesting and useful. It develops creativity, thinking, observation, and hard work. Activities with natural materials help to develop in children a love for their native nature and a caring attitude towards it. They are also useful because the collection and preparation of natural material takes place in the air.

By creating beautiful applications with their own hands and seeing the result of their work, children experience positive emotions. Working with paper and other materials gives them the opportunity to show patience, perseverance, imagination and taste. Children enjoy decorating the group room with their works and giving them to their parents and friends.