The Russian Father Frost has a family, Winter is his wife and Snow Maiden is his granddaughter. His home is the city of Veliky Ustyug, it is there that the “office” of Father Frost is located, where everyone sends letters with wishes.

He lives on Mount Korvantunturi (“mountain-ear”), either in a hut, or in the mountain itself. His wife Muori and the gnomes live with him. In ancient times, he went from house to house for Christmas, caroled, treated obedient children and punished disobedient ones. He has long since become kinder and does not punish anyone.

He puts the gifts in shoes, which the children leave in front of the fireplace in advance. Per Noel's companion is Per Fuetar - a grandfather with rods, who reminds Per Noel how the child behaved during the year and what he deserves more - gifts or a spanking.

A popular fairy tale character in Italy is the old woman Befana, a witch with large protruding teeth, a hooked nose, dressed in a pointed hat, a long cloak and holey woolen stockings. He carries a bag of chocolate and coals on his back and moves from rooftop to rooftop on foot, on a broom or on a horse.

They are not all the same Santa Clauses. They look different, one is kind, and the other can scold. Everyone has their own personal way of getting into a holiday home. But no matter what Santa Claus you are, you are there to congratulate and give a gift!

Santa Clauses from different countries
Presentation for children of senior preschool age

Mystery
We won’t meet him in the spring, He won’t come in the summer, But in winter He comes to our children every year. He has a bright blush, A beard like white fur, He will prepare interesting gifts for everyone. Happy New Year, He will light a lush Christmas tree, Amusing the children, He will join them in a round dance. We greet him as friends, We are great friends with him... But you can’t give this guest hot tea!

In our country, the famous grandfather is Father Frost. He is dressed in a long red coat with white fur. Santa Claus has a long white beard and holds a staff in his hands. He comes to visit not only with gifts, but also with his assistant, his granddaughter Snegurochka.

In the USA, Canada, Great Britain and Western European countries, Father Frost is called Santa Claus. He is dressed in a red jacket, decorated with white fur, and red trousers. There is a red cap on the head.

There are also two Santa Clauses in France. One is called Père-Noël, which means Father Christmas. He is kind and brings gifts to the children in a basket. The second one is called Shaland. This bearded man wears a fur hat and a warm traveling raincoat. His basket contains rods for naughty and lazy children.

In Italy, the old fairy Befana comes to the children. She flies into the house through the chimney. The fairy brings gifts to good children, but naughty children receive only ashes.

There are two Santa Clauses in Sweden: the hook-nosed grandfather Yultomten and the dwarf Julnissaar. Both leave gifts on the windowsills on New Year's Eve.

In Finland, New Year's grandfather is called Joulupukki. He has a tall cone-shaped hat and a red outfit. He is surrounded by gnomes in pointed hats and capes with white fur.

And the Estonian Santa Claus is called Jiuluvana. He looks like his friend Joulupukki.

Municipal budgetary educational institution

Choir – Tagninsk secondary school

Theme: “Santa Claus in different countries of the world”

Direction - “We are researchers”

4th grade student

Head – Oksana Aleksandrovna Brovkina,

primary school teacher

Phone – 89041381015

Zalari village – 2018

Object of study - Santa Claus and his brothers from other countries

Target:

- get to know the Santa Clauses of other countries and their names.

Tasks:

Find out if there are Santa Clauses in other countries;

Get to know their names and appearance in other countries;

Study the history of the appearance of Father Frost in Rus'.

Mythological prototypes of Santa Claus

Pozvizd

Treskun

Karachun

Winter road

Grandfather used to have a temper

quite harsh and cool. He is not

only gave gifts to those who gave him

pleased, but also punished the obstinate

– froze with a blow from his staff

to death.

Now Santa Claus is kind

wizard with a full bag

gift goodness.

Residence of Father Frost in Veliky Ustyug

Noted

Birthday

Santa Claus.

List of Santa Clauses

Santa Nicolau

Santa Claus

Pere Noel

Yolupukki

Pakkaine

Grandfather Zyuzya

Nisse

Santa Claus

He lives in America

Canada, Britain and some

other Western countries

Europe is Santa Claus.

Santa Claus travels

by air on a team of reindeer,

enters the house through the chimney,

throws gifts at

shoes and stockings,

left near the fireplace.

Saint Nicholas

In Germany to the kids

on New Year's Eve

Santa Nicholas arrives.

And he comes to the children

through the chimney.

Pere Noel

In France, Pere Noel comes to the children on New Year's Eve. Père Noel gives gifts to “good” children, and for the naughty and lazy he has rods hidden in his basket.

Yolupukki

In Finland to the kids

Joulupukki arrives. Him

big and sensitive ears, so

he knows exactly which of the kids

behaved well, who behaved poorly and who

what gift does he want to receive?

And on Christmas night he

comes to the children while they are

sleep and give gifts,

which are hidden in his

cap.

Nisse

In Norway they immediately talk about

several Santa Clauses,

their name is Nisse.

They are obedient children

put sweets on the pillow,

but naughty

left on the pillow

willow twigs.

• The image of Father Frost in Russia has evolved over the centuries in various historical times. The collective image of Father Frost is based on Russian folklore and works of Russian literature.
• Gradually, from the harsh spirit of winter, he turned into a kind fairy-tale wizard who comes on New Year's Eve and gives people joy and miracles, fulfills their wishes. .

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Slide captions:

Grandfather Frosts from around the world Presentation prepared by: teacher of the GBDOU kindergarten No. 37 of the Primorsky district of St. Petersburg Malova Irina Gennadievna 201 5 year

Ded Moroz In Russia – Ded Moroz. A tall, thin, but strong old man. Stern, majestic, unsmiling, but kind and fair. walks in a white, blue or red sheepskin coat, with a long white beard and a staff in his hand, wearing felt boots. The pants are usually hidden under a sheepskin coat and are practically invisible, but the linen pants and shirt are white or decorated with ornaments. Belted with a wide belt. Wears embroidered mittens. Rides three horses. Inseparable from his granddaughter Snegurochka. Sometimes the Snowman can accompany him.

Santa Claus In America - Santa Claus. Gray hair, a neat beard trimmed short and a mustache. Red sheepskin coat, trousers and cap. A dark leather belt with a buckle fits around his thick belly. Thin white gloves. Often wears glasses. Travels through the air on reindeer, enters the house through the chimney and throws gifts into shoes and stockings left near the fireplace. The children leave milk and chocolate chip cookies for him. Santa is a middle-aged man, overweight, cheerful and cheerful. Usually one appears, but may be accompanied by gnomes and elves.

Papa Noel and the Magic Kings in Spain - Papa Noel. The tradition of celebrating the New Year with Santa Claus arose in the country relatively recently. Papa Noel did not appear here by chance, but appeared under the influence of Santa. It is more common for Spaniards to receive gifts from Magic Kings, but Papa Noel was also welcomed here. Children are especially happy. Now Papa Noel comes to Christmas and New Year, and on January 6 the Magic Kings come with gifts.

Weihnachtsman, Christkind, Niemand, Santa Nikolaus In Germany - Vainachtsman, Christkind, Niemand, Santa Nikolaus. Santa Nikolaus is a modern New Year's wizard. He comes with his assistant Knecht Ruprecht, who keeps a journal detailing the children's actions. In the 19th century. Ruprecht performed not only secretarial duties: he grabbed the most notorious naughty people, put them in a bag or in the huge pocket of his raincoat and carried them into the forest. The most ancient New Year's character is Nimand (Nobody). German children blamed him when they were naughty or broke something. On a festive night, he came on a donkey and brought sweets to obedient children. For these sweets, the children put a plate on the table and put hay in their shoes for his donkey. On the evening of December 24, when the Christmas trees are already lit, Vainakhtsman (Christmas Grandfather) and Christkind come, according to tradition.

La Befana In Italy - Santa Claus is generally a woman, and not just a woman, but a witch - the old woman Befana (La Befana). In appearance, she resembles Baba Yaga from Russian fairy tales, but unlike Baba Yaga, Befana is terrible on the face, but kind on the inside. On New Year's Eve, she flies through the chimney into each child's house and leaves gifts for good children, although some people find coals instead of sweets. These are also candies, only black, with a hint of bitterness. This is how Befana hints to girls and boys: remember, did you behave well last year, did you upset your parents?

Lakshmi In India, the duties of Grandfather Mgoroz are performed by the goddess Lakshmi (goddess of happiness and prosperity). She is described as a goddess of incredible beauty, standing on a lotus and holding a lotus in both hands.

Nisse In Norway - Gifts are given to children by Nisse (Jolinisse) - cute little brownies. Nisse wear knitted caps. They also love tasty things (sweet oatmeal and a piece of butter). Even though the Nisse are caring protectors of the home, they are very vindictive - from damaging livestock to destroying entire farms. And if he wishes, he can become invisible. He loves attics and cupboards. Friendly with pets.

Segatsu-san and Oji-san In Japan, two Santa Clauses have recently been competing: Segatsu-san and newcomer Oji-san (a modified version of the American Santa). Unlike Oji-san, the traditional Segatsu-san has to go home for a whole week, which the Japanese call “golden”. Dressed in the traditional Segatsu-san in a sky blue kimano. He does not give gifts, but only wishes everyone a Happy New Year. Gifts are given to children by their parents. Segatsu-san is called “Mr. New Year.”

Joulupukki In Finland – Joulupukki. “Youlu” means Christmas, o “pukki” means goat, that is, the Christmas goat. The fact is that many years ago, Santa Claus wore a goat skin and delivered gifts on a goat. Gray hair, neat beard and mustache. Red jacket, pants and cap. Dark leather belt. Required - glasses. He lives on Mount Korvantunturi (“mountain-ear”), either in a hut or in the mountain itself. together with his wife Muori (Maria) and the dwarves. In ancient times, he went from house to house at Christmas (caroling), treated obedient children and punished disobedient ones (for which he carried rods with him).

Uvlin Uvgun In Mongolia - Uvlin Uvgun, and he is accompanied by Zazan Okhin (Snow Maiden) and Shina Zhila (New Year boy). New Year in Mongolia coincides with the cattle breeding holiday, so Uvlin Uvgun wears the clothes of a cattle breeder: in a shaggy fur coat and a large fox hat. In his hands he has a long whip, a flint, a flint and a snuffbox. It depends on him whether there will be enough milk and meat for the New Year's table.

Vasily In Greece and Cyprus, Santa Claus is called Vasily. Children sing a song: “Saint Basil, where are you, come, Saint Basil, give me happiness, fulfill all my desires.” Here the prototype of the Nativity saint is Basil the Great of Caesarea, a younger contemporary of Nicholas. Saint Basil turned out to be Christmas for the reason that his memory is celebrated by the Greek Church on the first of January. In the guise of a modern Greek St. Vasily has many features from his Western brother. He is depicted as an old man with a white beard who visits houses and gives gifts to children.

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In Russia - Father Frost. A tall, thin, but strong old man. Stern, majestic, unsmiling, but kind and fair. walks in a white, blue or red sheepskin coat, with a long white beard and a staff in his hand, wearing felt boots. The pants are usually hidden under a sheepskin coat and are practically invisible, but the linen pants and shirt are white or decorated with ornaments. Belted with a wide belt. Wears embroidered mittens. Rides three horses. Inseparable from his granddaughter Snegurochka. Since 1998, Veliky Ustyug has been considered the official residence of Father Frost in Russia. Since 2005, the official birthday of Father Frost has been considered January 18, when the first severe frosts usually hit Veliky Ustyug. He enters through the door when he is called loudly three times and presents gifts. Or puts gifts under the tree.

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In Japan - Oji-san. In Japan, the familiar old man is “replaced” by the god Hoteyosho. If the “brothers” of Santa Claus from other countries are quite humanoid, then Japan is very different in this sense. God Hoteyosho is an amazing character with eyes in the back of his head.

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In Great Britain - Father Christmas. Santa Claus from around the world congratulates people, observing national customs. In England, where traditions are valued above all else, the main thing in the New Year's celebration is the queen's speech. She says it after the festive dinner. And before the feast, the family goes to church. Children turn to Father Christmas and ask him for gifts. To do this, you need to write a detailed letter to the magical grandfather with all your wishes and throw it into the fireplace. The wish list from the chimney will be delivered straight to its destination with smoke.

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In Mongolia - Uvlin Uvgun, and he is accompanied by Zazan Okhin (Snow Maiden) and Shina Zhila (New Year boy). New Year in Mongolia coincides with the cattle breeding holiday, so Uvlin Uvgun wears the clothes of a cattle breeder: in a shaggy fur coat and a large fox hat. In his hands he has a long whip, a flint, a flint and a snuffbox. It depends on him whether there will be enough milk and meat for the New Year's table.

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In Romania, you will most often find the name Mosh Jarile, but this is not entirely true. Now in Romania, Santa Claus is called Mosh Craciun - Christmas in Romanian. According to Romanian legend, the shepherd Craciun sheltered the Virgin Mary. When she gave birth, he gave her and her Child cheese and milk. Since then, Saint Mosh Kraciun has been giving gifts to children. He comes from the outback of Kodr. Mosh Jarile - a pseudonym during the socialist period - has now returned to the old name.

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In the Czech Republic and Slovakia - Mikulas - comes on the night of December 5-6, on the eve of St. Nicholas Day. Outwardly similar to our Santa Claus. A long fur coat, a hat, a staff, with the top twisted into a spiral. Only now he brings gifts not in a bag, but in a shoulder box.

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In India, the duties of Grandfather Mgoroz are performed by the goddess Lakshmi (goddess of happiness and prosperity). She is described as a goddess of incredible beauty, standing on a lotus and holding a lotus in both hands.

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In Spain - Papa Noel. The tradition of celebrating the New Year with Santa Claus arose in the country relatively recently. Papa Noel did not appear here by chance, but appeared under the influence of Santa. It is more common for Spaniards to receive gifts from Magic Kings, but Papa Noel was also welcomed here. Children are especially happy. Now Papa Noel comes to Christmas and New Year, and on January 6 the Magic Kings come with gifts.

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In Greece and Cyprus, Santa Claus is called Vasily. Children sing a song: “Saint Basil, where are you, come, Saint Basil, give me happiness, fulfill all my desires.” Here the prototype of the Nativity saint is Basil the Great of Caesarea, a younger contemporary of Nicholas. Saint Basil turned out to be Christmas for the reason that his memory is celebrated by the Greek Church on the first of January. In the guise of a modern Greek St. Vasily has many features from his Western brother. He is depicted as an old man with a white beard who visits houses and gives gifts to children.

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In Sweden and Denmark there are two Santa Clauses: the stooped grandfather Yultomten (Yolotomten, Yul Tomten) is a little old man who lives in the forest and rides in a cart drawn by foxes. He is helped by a dwarf with a beard, Yulnissar. Both of them are kind and leave gifts for the children on the windowsills for the New Year.

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In America - Santa Claus. Gray hair, a neat beard trimmed short and a mustache. Red sheepskin coat, trousers and cap. A dark leather belt with a buckle fits around his thick belly. Thin white gloves. Often wears glasses, travels through the air on reindeer, enters houses through the chimney, and places gifts in shoes and stockings left near the fireplace. The children leave milk and chocolate chip cookies for him.